HF propagation in a wideband ionospheric fluctuating reflection channel: Physically based software simulator of the channel

Abstract

[1] A wideband HF simulator has been constructed on the basis of a detailed physical model of propagation which can generate a time realization of the HF wideband channel for any HF carrier frequency, bandwidth, transmitter receiver path and background, and stochastic (irregularity) ionosphere models. To accomplish this, a comprehensive solution has been obtained on the basis of the complex phase method (Rytov's method) to the problem of HF wave propagation for the most general case of a three-dimensional (3-D) inhomogeneous ionosphere with time-varying electron density fluctuations. A simulation is presented for a 1000 km path for which E and low-and high-angle F mode paths exist. The time-varying field owing to each of these paths is summed at the receiving location, enabling the calculation of the scattering function and also the time realization of the received signal shown as a function of both fast and slow time.Citation: Gherm, V. E., N. N. Zernov, and H. J. Strangeways (2005), HF propagation in a wideband ionospheric fluctuating reflection channel: Physically based software simulator of the channel, Radio Sci., 40, RS1001,

Pseudoreciprocity in a disturbed nonisotropic medium and its application to radio wave propagation

“…Then, in section 4, we combine the results of sections 2 and 3 to find an expression for field perturbations caused by disturbances to a nonisotropic propagation medium. In particular, we derive results that extend the ionospheric perturbation results of Gherm et al [2005] to include the effects of Earth's magnetic field. Gherm et al [2005] extend the validity of their perturbation result by means of a Rytov approximation, but this procedure is not valid for large perturbations.…”

Modeling of ionospheric scintillation at low-latitude

“…Recently, with the development of the space weather studies and the GPS scintillations, various scintillation theories have been developed, (Secan et al, 1995;Gherm et al, 1997Gherm et al, , 2005Gherm and Zernov, 1998;Wernik et al, 2007;Beniguel et al, 2009 and references therein), but till now not any complete theory of ionospheric scintillations is available to explain all the observed features of the scintillations. Booker et al (1950) showed that the diffraction by fluctuations of the electron density in the ionosphere causes scintillation and this effect of the change of electron density could be modeled by thin phase changing diffraction screen.…”

“…They used the object of multiple-phase screen technique. Gherm et al (2005) constructed a wideband HF simulator on the basis of detailed physical model of propagation which can generate the time realization of the HF wideband channel for any HF carrier frequency, bandwidth, transmitter receiver path and background and irregularity ionosphere models. Recently, Beniguel et al (2009) presents a review of the ionospheric scintillation monitoring and modelling by the European groups involved in COST 296 action.…”

Propagation model for transionospheric fluctuating paths of propagation: Simulator of the transionospheric channel

“…In this coordinate system complex phases are represented in the following form (further details are given in the work of Gherm et al [2005]): …”