Hexene catalytic cracking over 30% sapo-34 catalyst for propylene maximization: influence of reaction conditions and reaction pathway exploration

Abstract

-Higher olefins are produced as a by product in a number of refinery processes and are one of the potential raw materials to produce propylene. In the present study, FCC model feed compound was considered to explore the olefin cracking features and options to enhance propylene using 30% SAPO-34 zeolite as catalyst in a micro-reactor. The superior selectivity of propylene (73 wt%) and higher total olefin selectivity was obtained over 30% SAPO-34 catalyst than over Y or ZSM-5 zeolite catalysts. The thermodynamical constraints were found to be relatively less serious in the case of 1-hexene conversion. Most of the 1-hexene follows a direct cracking pathway to give two propylene molecules, due to weak acid sites and better diffusion opportunities. The higher temperature and short residence time could also suppress the hydrogen transfer reactions. From OPE (olefins performance envelop) the products were classified as primary, secondary, or both. Iso-hexene (2-methyl-2-pentene) cracking was also analyzed in order to justify a shape selective effect of the SAPO-34 catalyst. A detailed integrated reaction network together with an associated mechanism was proposed and discussed in detail for their fundamental importance in understanding the olefin cracking processes over

Enhancing the Production of Light Olefins by Catalytic Cracking of FCC Naphtha over Mesoporous ZSM-5 Catalyst

“…Ethylene yield increased slightly as C/N ratio increased up to about 3.0 and then remained constant as the C/N was further increased. At lower C/N, ethylene was produced by direct catalytic cracking and by secondary cracking of propylene [22].…”

Pt–Sn-based catalyst's intensification using Al2O3–SAPO-34 as a support for propane dehydrogenation to propylene

“…SAPO-34 was prepared by mixing Al 2 O 3 :P 2 O 5 :SiO 2 :TEA:H 2 O in the molar ratio of 1:1:0.5:2:100, details are available elsewhere [20][21][22]. SAPO-34 was palletized with a binder Al 2 O 3 in 20 wt.% [23,24].…”

Nine-Lump Kinetic Study of Catalytic Pyrolysis of Gas Oils Derived from Canadian Synthetic Crude Oil

“…Having higher light olefin yields, lower energy consumption, and wider feed scope are a number of advantages of this process over conventional steam cracking. The catalytic pyrolysis feeds include butane [1,2] or heavier alkanes [3,4], butene [5,6] or heavier olefins [7][8][9], 5 raffinate [10], natural gasoline [11], naphtha [12,13], fluid catalytic cracking naphtha [14,15], coker naphtha [15], gas oil [16,17], heavy oil [18,19], waste tire [20], plastic mixture [21], and bio-oil or biomass [22,23].…”