Hexavalent Vaccines in India: Current Status

Chitkara, A. J.; Parikh, Raunak; Mihályi, Attila; Kolhapure, Shafi

doi:10.1007/s13312-019-1651-y

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Multivalent vaccines are already being used against different viruses and variants, and their broad-spectrum protective effects can be demonstrated. 61 – 64 Our three-dose regimen can potentially be used as a reference for combatting SARS-CoV-2 variants. Undoubtedly, a SARS-CoV-2 multivalent vaccine will be applicable for future responses to occurring variants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The self-assembled nanoparticle-based trimeric RBD mRNA vaccine elicits robust and durable protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in mice

Sun

Zhang

et al. 2021

Sig Transduct Target Ther

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As COVID-19 continues to spread rapidly worldwide and variants continue to emerge, the development and deployment of safe and effective vaccines are urgently needed. Here, we developed an mRNA vaccine based on the trimeric receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein fused to ferritin-formed nanoparticles (TF-RBD). Compared to the trimeric form of the RBD mRNA vaccine (T-RBD), TF-RBD delivered intramuscularly elicited robust and durable humoral immunity as well as a Th1-biased cellular response. After further challenge with live SARS-CoV-2, immunization with a two-shot low-dose regimen of TF-RBD provided adequate protection in hACE2-transduced mice. In addition, the mRNA template of TF-RBD was easily and quickly engineered into a variant vaccine to address SARS-CoV-2 mutations. The TF-RBD multivalent vaccine produced broad-spectrum neutralizing antibodies against Alpha (B.1.1.7) and Beta (B.1.351) variants. This mRNA vaccine based on the encoded self-assembled nanoparticle-based trimer RBD provides a reference for the design of mRNA vaccines targeting SARS-CoV-2.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The self-assembled nanoparticle-based trimeric RBD mRNA vaccine elicits robust and durable protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in mice

Sun

Zhang

et al. 2021

Sig Transduct Target Ther

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“…The combined pentavalent vaccine against diphtheria–tetanus–acellular pertussis–hepatitis B–inactivated poliomyelitis (DTaP–HBV–IPV) and the diphtheria–tetanus–acellular pertussis–inactivated poliomyelitis and Haemophilus influenzae type B conjugate vaccine (DTaP–IPV–Hib) were licensed in 2002 and 2008, respectively [ 8 ]. The combined hexavalent diphtheria–tetanus-acellular pertussi–hepatitis B–inactivated poliomyelitis and H. influenzae type B conjugated vaccine (DTaP–HBV–IPV–Hib) was licensed in 2010 as the primary vaccination for infants and for use as a booster dose in the second year of life [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunogenicity and Safety of Childhood Combination Vaccines: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2022

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Background: Vaccination is considered the most effective and economical measure for controlling infectious diseases. Although combination vaccines are widely used worldwide, whether any of the combination vaccines is superior to each separate vaccine has yet to be established. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize the available evidence on the effectiveness and safety of combination vaccines in children. Methods: A systematic search was conducted from database inception to August 20, 2021, in MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, and Scopus. Published randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and open-label trials of immunogenicity and safety of combined vaccines were selected. The results of the studies were quantitatively synthesized. Results: Overall, 25 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. The results indicated that the combined diptheria–tetanus–acellular pertussis (DTaP)–hepatitis B virus (HBV)–Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) vaccine group had lower levels of anti-tetanus antibodies than the combined DTaP–HBV and separate Hib vaccinations group (SMD = −0.23; 95% CI: −0.42, −0.05; p = 0.013). Meanwhile, the combined DTaP–HBV–inactivated polio virus (IPV)–Hib vaccine group had higher levels of anti-pertussis (PT) and anti-filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) antibodies than the combined DTaP–IPV–Hib and separate HBV vaccinations group (anti-PT: SMD = 0.60; 95% CI: 0.45, 0.75; p < 0.0001; anti-FHA: SMD = 0.40; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.78; p = 0.042). The levels of anti-pertactin (PRN) antibodies were lower in the combined DTaP–IPV–Hib vaccine group than in the combined DTaP–IPV and separate Hib vaccinations group (SMD = −0.13; 95% CI: −0.27, −0.00; p = 0.047). The individuals injected with the DTaP–HBV–IPV–Hib vaccine had a lower risk of pain and swelling than those injected with the combined DTaP–HBV–IPV and separate Hib vaccines (pain: RR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.69, 0.91; p = 0.001; swelling: RR = 0.87; 95% CI: 0.78, 0.98; p = 0.020). However, the group that received the DTaP–HBV–IPV–Hib vaccine had a higher risk of fever than the group that received DTaP–HBV–IPV and separate Hib vaccinations (RR = 1.13; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.26; p = 0.021). Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggests that the combined vaccines (DTaP–IPV–Hib, DTaP–HBV–Hib, DTaP–HBV–IPV–Hib) are safe, well-tolerated, and provide immunogenic alternatives to separate vaccines in children. The combined DTaP–HBV–IPV–Hib vaccine showed a higher incidence of fever, which was lower than the cumulative incidence of fever induced by all vaccines. Future studies should evaluate the cost-effectiveness of using combined vaccines and compare the potency of different formulations to improve routine local or national childhood immunization programs.

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“…The pentavalent vaccines are freely available through the universal immunization program, 24 while hexavalent vaccines have only become available within the last 4 years on the private market and need to be paid in full by the parents. 25 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) vaccination: understanding the perspectives and expectations of parents and healthcare professionals in France and India

Bakhache

Yewale

Parikh

et al. 2021

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) combination vaccines are a cornerstone of infant vaccinations worldwide. DTP vaccine acceptance could be impacted by sub-optimal relationships between parents and healthcare professionals (HCPs). This survey, conducted in France and India between 14/2/2020 and 26/3/2020, aimed to understand perspectives and expectations of parents and HCPs toward DTP vaccination. Participants were parents (parents/guardians of ≤3-year-old children; France: n = 1002, India: n = 1021) and HCPs (general practitioners/pediatricians initiating DTP vaccination; France: n = 300; India: n = 300) who chose to take part. A representative sample of parents was achieved via quotas and random iterative weighting to match key demographics of the target population. In India, only parents from socio-economic classes A/B/C and private HCPs were included. Whilst DTP vaccine acceptance was high among parents in France (85%) and India (98%), French HCPs overestimated parental acceptance (99% thought parents were very/fairly accepting). The proportions of parents reporting that the HCP is someone they trust versus the proportions of HCPs wanting to be seen as trusted were discrepant in France (76% versus 90%) but not India (83% versus 85%). Some surveyed parents indicated that, ideally, they would like some input in vaccine brand decisions alongside HCPs, an opinion shared by some HCPs. In France, short-term experience post-vaccination was more important to parents than HCPs, for whom long-term protection was more important. In India, these aspects were equally important to both. Increased awareness of parents’ priorities and concerns regarding DTP vaccination can support HCPs in their discussions with parents and help build trust, which may impact vaccine acceptance.

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Hexavalent Vaccines in India: Current Status

Cited by 6 publications

References 39 publications

The self-assembled nanoparticle-based trimeric RBD mRNA vaccine elicits robust and durable protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in mice

The self-assembled nanoparticle-based trimeric RBD mRNA vaccine elicits robust and durable protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in mice

Immunogenicity and Safety of Childhood Combination Vaccines: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) vaccination: understanding the perspectives and expectations of parents and healthcare professionals in France and India

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