Hexaploid wild emmer wheat derivatives grown under New Zealand conditions 3. Influence of nitrogen fertilisation and stage of grain development on protein composition

Abstract

Hexaploid derivatives of wild emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccoides Koern.) were examined by electrophoresis for high molecular weight (HMW) glutenin subunits and for gliadin composition from 10 days after anthesis to full maturity. Two established bread wheats were included in the investigation for comparison. No outstanding or consistent differences were observed in the patterns of protein development between the wild emmer derivatives and the established bread wheats. HMW glutenin subunits were detectable in some of the wheats from 15 days after anthesis. Gliadins were detectable over the whole mobility range from 10 to 15 days after anthesis, although differences were observed between gliadin patterns produced by urea extraction compared with ethanol extraction. Nitrogen fertilisation resulted in a general increase in the intensity of protein patterns, but no major change in the relative intensity of components was apparent.

Characterization of Monomeric and Glutenin Polymeric Proteins of Hard Red Spring Wheats During Grain Development by Multistacking SDS‐PAGE and Capillary Zone Electrophoresis

“…Previously, it has been suggested that a proportion of proteins that decrease during grain development may be broken down for reconstitution into other protein fractions at a later stage (Flint et al 1975, Cressey et al 1987. The results of our study do not seem to support this hypothesis.…”

“…There are two possible mechanisms affecting the accumulation and polymerization of glutenin proteins during grain development. One mechanism proposes that certain proteins break down and reconstitute to form other protein fractions at a later stage of grain development (Flint et al 1975, Cressey et al 1987. From the results of our study, we propose that a switch in mechanism in the rate of synthesis and incorporation of HMW subunits to form polymers determines the size distribution of glutenin polymers.…”

“…Contradictory results have been reported about the ratio of glutenins to monomers during grain development. Some reports showed an increased ratio toward grain maturity (Cressey et al 1987, Panozzo et al 1994, Stone and Nicolas 1996. Others found the ratio was either stable (Kaczkowski et al 1986), decreased toward maturity (Kapoor and Heiner 1982, Dell'Aquila et al 1983, Stenram et al 1990, or varied during grain filling (Bushuk and Wrigley 1971, Huebner et al 1990).…”

Hexaploid wild emmer wheat derivatives grown under New Zealand conditions 2. Effect of foliar urea sprays on plant and grain nitrogen and baking quality

“…Developing grains were also analysed electrophoretically, to determine the time of formation and the type of the various constituent protein subunits in relation to different lines of rates of applied nitrogen (Cressey et al 1987).…”

Detection and origin of a novel high molecular weight glutenin subunit in hexaploid wild emmer wheat derivatives

“…Advanced breeding lines of hexaploid wild emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccoides L) derivatives developed in Israel (Grama and Gerechter Amitai 1974) have been grown and examined at Lincoln, New Zealand, to determine some of their milling and bread-making characteristics (Cressey et al 1987;Grama et al 1987a,b). SDS-PAGE was used to determine whether any unusual HMW glutenin subunits had been inherited from the wild emmer parent.…”