Improving the photocatalytic efficiency of a fully noble-metal-free
system for CO2 reduction remains a fundamental challenge,
which can be accomplished by facilitating electron delivery as a consequence
of exploiting intermolecular interactions. Herein, we have designed
two Cu(I) photosensitizers with different pyridyl pendants at the
phenanthroline moiety to enable dynamic coordinative interactions
between the sensitizers and a cobalt macrocyclic catalyst. Compared
to the parent Cu(I) photosensitizer, one of the pyridine-tethered
derivatives boosts the apparent quantum yield up to 76 ± 6% at
425 nm for selective (near 99%) CO2-to-CO conversion. This
value is nearly twice that of the parent system with no pyridyl pendants
(40 ± 5%) and substantially surpasses the record (57%) of the
noble-metal-free systems reported so far. This system also realizes
a maximum turnover number of 11 800 ± 1400. In contrast,
another Cu(I) photosensitizer, in which the pyridine substituents
are directly linked to the phenanthroline moiety, is inactive. The
above behavior and photocatalytic mechanism are systematically elucidated
by transient fluorescence, transient absorption, transient X-ray absorption
spectroscopies, and quantum chemical calculations. This work highlights
the advantage of constructing coordinative interactions to fine-tune
the electron transfer processes within noble-metal-free systems for
CO2 photoreduction.