Hexane Extract ofOrthosiphon stamineusInduces Insulin Expression and Prevents Glucotoxicity in INS-1 Cells

Abstract

BackgroundHyperglycemia, a characteristic feature of diabetes, induces glucotoxicity in pancreatic β-cells, resulting in further impairment of insulin secretion and worsening glycemic control. Thus, preservation of insulin secretory capacity is essential for the management of type 2 diabetes. In this study, we evaluated the ability of an Orthosiphon stamineus (OS) extract to prevent glucotoxicity in insulin-producing cells.MethodsWe measured insulin mRNA expression and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in OS-treated INS-1 cells after exposure to a high glucose (HG; 30 mM) concentration.ResultsThe hexane extract of OS elevated mRNA expression of insulin as well as pancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1 of INS-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The hexane OS extract also increased the levels of phosphorylated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) in a concentration-dependent manner. Additionally, Akt phosphorylation was elevated by treatment with 100 and 200 µmol of the hexane OS extract. Three days of HG exposure suppressed insulin mRNA expression and GSIS; these expressions were restored by treatment with the hexane OS extract. HG elevated peroxide levels in the INS-1 cells. These levels were unaffected by OS treatment under both normal and hyperglycemic conditions.ConclusionOur results suggested that the hexane extract of OS elevates insulin mRNA expression and prevents glucotoxicity induced by a 3-day treatment with HG. This was associated with the activation of PI-3K and Akt.

Understanding glycaemic control and current approaches for screening antidiabetic natural products from evidence-based medicinal plants

“…Plant extracts or isolated natural products that potentiate glucose-stimulated insulin secretion by pancreatic β -cells can be investigated using several in vitro models such as perfused pancreas, isolated islets, and various β -cell lines. For instance, a perfused rat pancreas model [123] and the INS-1 pancreatic β -cell line [124] were used to investigate the effect Orthosiphon aristatus leaf extract on insulin secretion. Both studies reported that O. aristatus leaf extract stimulated glucose-induced insulin release in the perfused pancreas and in vitro [123, 124].…”

Short-Term Protocols to Obtain Insulin-Producing Cells from Rat Adipose Tissue: Signaling Pathways and In Vivo Effect

“…Many signal pathways are involved in insulin expression and we investigated three of these in our IPCs: p38/MAPK [31], PI3K [32], and STAT-3 [33]. The enzyme inhibitors SB203580 and LY294002 were used to investigate the relationship between the MAPK/p38 and PI3K pathways in the differentiation process, throughout the induction period [34].…”

Perbandingan Efektifitas Ekstrak Etanol 96% Akar Dan Daun Kumis Kucing (Orthosiphon Stamineus) Terhadap Penurunan Glukosa Darah Mencit (Mus Musculus)

“…5 Kumis kucing (Orthosiphon stamineus) merupakan tanaman umum yang dijumpai di Asia Tenggara terutama di Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam dan Myanmar. Tanaman ini dapat tumbuh sempurna dengan cahaya matahari penuh dan pada daerah beriklim hangat, namun juga bisa tumbuh di tanah yang lembab (Lee HJ, et al, 2015). Tingginya bisa mencapai 30-150 cm dan memiliki bunga berwarna putih, biru atau ungu.…”

“…Ketika bunganya mekar, benang sari dan putiknya melebar jauh melampaui kelopak bunga yang menyerupai kumis kucing (Adnyana IK, dkk, 2013). Tanaman ini sering digunakan sebagai tumbuhan obat tradisional, di Indonesia tanaman tersebut dapat dijadikan teh (Lee HJ, et al, 2015). Kumis kucing (Orthosiphon stamineus) mempunyai efek sebagai anti diabetes, anti inflamasi, dan anti angiogenik (Adnyana IK, dkk, 2013).…”