Hexagonal Ring Shaped Dual Band Antenna Using Staircase Fractal Geometry For Wireless Applications

Kaur, Navjot; Singh, Jagtar; Kumar, Mahendra

doi:10.1007/s11277-020-07307-0

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The asymmetrical positioning of the substrate with a defected ground plane with a rectangular slot type of fractal antenna has been proposed. To achieve broad impedance bandwidth, Sarkar et al [38] proposed a DGS-based U-shaped patch antenna. For wireless broadband applications, lightweight, low-profile, low-cost, and wide-bandwidth antennas are needed to meet evolving market demands.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As shown in Figure 6, this lumped element circuit model has 4 resonating modes of R, L, and C elements in series and parallel L and C components. The proposed antenna's scattering parameter was determined using the HFSS simulator [36][37][38][39], and each resonating circuit was tuned at a particular frequency to match it. The equivalent circuit's optimized resistances, inductors, and capacitors were modeled using the following equations.…”

Section: Equivalent Circuit Model Of Proposed Hexagonal Fractal Antenna Arraymentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Novel Approach of Design and Analysis of a Hexagonal Fractal Antenna Array (HFAA) for Next-Generation Wireless Communication

Palanisamy¹,

Thangaraju²,

et al. 2021

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The study and exploration of massive multiple-input multiple-output (MMIMO) and millimeter-wave wireless access technology has been spurred by a shortage of bandwidth in the wireless communication sector. Massive MIMO, which combines antennas at the transmitter and receiver, is a key enabler technology for next-generation networks to enable exceptional spectrum and energy efficiency with simple processing techniques. For massive MIMOs, the lower band microwave or millimeter-wave band and the antenna are impeccably combined with RF transceivers. As a result, the 5G wireless communication antenna differs from traditional antennas in many ways. A new concept of the MIMO tri-band hexagonal antenna array is being introduced for next-generation cellular networks. With a total scaling dimension of 150 × 75 mm2, the structure consists of multiple hexagonal fractal antenna components at different corners of the patch. The radiating patch resonates at 2.55–2.75, 3.45–3.7, and 5.65–6.05 GHz (FR1 band) for better return loss (S11) of more than 15 dB in all three operating bands. The coplanar waveguide (CPW) feeding technique and defective ground structure in the ground plane have been employed for effective impedance matching. The deviation of the main lobe of the radiation pattern is achieved using a two-element microstrip Taylor antenna array with series feeding, which also boosts the antenna array’s bandwidth and minimizes sidelobe. The proposed antenna is designed, simulated, and tested in far-field radiating conditions and generates tri-band S-parameters with sufficient separation and high-quality double-polarized radiation. The fabrication and testing of MIMO antennas were completed, where the measurement results matched the simulation results. In addition, the 5G smartphone antenna system requires a new, lightweight phased microwave antenna (μ-wave) with wide bandwidth and a fire extender. Because of its decent performance and compact architectures, the proposed smartphone antenna array architecture is a better entrant for upcoming 5G cellular implementations.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Equivalent Circuit Model Of Proposed Hexagonal Fractal Antenna Arraymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Approach of Design and Analysis of a Hexagonal Fractal Antenna Array (HFAA) for Next-Generation Wireless Communication

Palanisamy¹,

Thangaraju²,

et al. 2021

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“…Sidhu and Sivia investigated a novel fractal antenna [15] for wireless applications in S, C, and X band standards. Kaur et al [16] designed an antenna based on a hexagonal ring-shaped patch with staircase fractal geometry for distinct wireless standards. This antenna exhibits dual frequency bands with bandwidth of 7.74 GHz and maximum gain of 6.99 dB.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Design of Multiband Nested Square Shaped Ring Fractal Antenna With Circular Ring Elements for Wireless Applications

Bharti¹,

Sivia²

2021

PIER C

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This manuscript presents the design of an antenna based on nested square shaped ring fractal geometry with circular ring elements for multi-band wireless applications. The impedance bandwidth and reflection coefficient of the antenna are improved with the design of different iterations from the 0th to 2nd. The performance parameters of the antenna like reflection coefficient, VSWR, bandwidth, bandwidth ratio, and current density are improved in the final iteration. It also achieves the enhanced bandwidth greater than 3 GHz at three resonant frequency bands and exhibits additional frequency band at 2.4 GHz. Likewise, the frequency band of designed fractal antenna shifts towards the lower end and helps in achieving the miniaturization of antenna. The proposed fractal antenna is designed and fabricated on a low-cost FR4 glass epoxy substrate and investigated using HFSS software. The proposed antenna is optimized for generating different parameters, and the last geometry is fabricated and tested. Further, these parameters are compared with the experimental results and found in good agreement with each other. Due to the multi-band behaviour and improved bandwidth, the proposed fractal antenna can be considered as a good candidate for several wireless standards.

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“…The performance parameters such as reflection coefficient, VSWR, and radiation pattern of the HFA have been in acceptable limits, due to which it became suitable for C and X band applications. Kaur et al [14] have designed a hexagonal ring-shaped antenna based on staircase fractal geometry for dual-band wireless applications at 4.5 and 7.3 GHz. Similarly, a hexagonal ring fractal antenna has been designed by Mark et al [15] for multiband wireless applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By meticulously studying the above-said literature, the authors are motivated from the shapes of antenna discussed in [14][15][16][17][18][19], i.e., hexagonal ring-shaped radiating patch. The manuscript explains the hexagonal ring-shaped patch antenna, and further, amendments have been made in the patch's geometry and partial ground plane of antenna for improving its performance parameters such as impedance bandwidth, reflection coefficient, number of frequency bands, and gain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stubs and Slits Loaded Partial Ground Plane Inspired Novel Hexagonal Ring-Shaped Fractal Antenna for 5g/Lte/Rfid/GSM/Bluetooth/Wlan/Wimax Wireless Applications: Design and Measurement

Sharma¹,

Bhatia²

2021

PIER C

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Hexagonal Ring Shaped Dual Band Antenna Using Staircase Fractal Geometry For Wireless Applications

Cited by 15 publications

References 27 publications

A Novel Approach of Design and Analysis of a Hexagonal Fractal Antenna Array (HFAA) for Next-Generation Wireless Communication

A Novel Approach of Design and Analysis of a Hexagonal Fractal Antenna Array (HFAA) for Next-Generation Wireless Communication

A Design of Multiband Nested Square Shaped Ring Fractal Antenna With Circular Ring Elements for Wireless Applications

Stubs and Slits Loaded Partial Ground Plane Inspired Novel Hexagonal Ring-Shaped Fractal Antenna for 5g/Lte/Rfid/GSM/Bluetooth/Wlan/Wimax Wireless Applications: Design and Measurement

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