Hexadecyl-functionalized lamellar mesostructured silicates and aluminosilicates designed for polymer–clay nanocomposites. Part I. Clay synthesis and structure

Chastek, Thuy T.; Que, Emily L.; Shore, Jay S.; Lowy, R; Macosko, Christopher W.; Stein, Andreas

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2005.03.006

Cited by 15 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…PS (PS-B-50K), which was purchased from Polyscience Inc, had a bimodal distribution of molecular weights [49 wt% of 1.3 kg/mol (PDIZ2.6) and 51 wt% of 91 kg/mol (PDIZ 3.4)]. The syntheses and structure of the three synthetic clays C 16 -LMS, C 16 -LMAS, C 16 -SiO 2 -LMAS, were reported elsewhere [13]. We also used an organically modified montmorillonite, Cloisite 20A (Southern Clay).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is likely due to bridging between particles by the long PS chains and the high stresses experienced during melt mixing [23,24]. Octahedral aluminum in the sheets of C 16 -LMAS and C 16 -SiO 2 -LMAS is believed to increase the stiffness and mechanical strength of the clay layers permitting these synthetic clays to retain higher aspect ratios after melt processing compared to C 16 -LMS [13]. Even though the inorganic sheets are thickest in C 16 -SiO 2 -LMAS, the presence of layer defects [13] may have reduced the mechanical strength and aspect ratios of these platelets.…”

Section: Rheologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Octahedral aluminum in the sheets of C 16 -LMAS and C 16 -SiO 2 -LMAS is believed to increase the stiffness and mechanical strength of the clay layers permitting these synthetic clays to retain higher aspect ratios after melt processing compared to C 16 -LMS [13]. Even though the inorganic sheets are thickest in C 16 -SiO 2 -LMAS, the presence of layer defects [13] may have reduced the mechanical strength and aspect ratios of these platelets. Cloisite 20A, which has 1 nm thick aluminosilicate sheets, separated by cationic ditallow surfactant layers, gives the highest modulus in a PS matrix.…”

Section: Rheologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three lamellar synthetic clay structures are examined here, mesostructured silicates with hexadecyl surface groups (C 16 -LMS), similarly modified aluminosilicates (C 16 -LMAS), and a sample with layers whose thickness was increased by additional silicate groups (C 16 -SiO 2 -LMAS). We have described the syntheses and structures of these clays in a separate paper [13]. The sheets of C 16 -LMS consist of single or double layers of tetrahedral silicate groups, each attached to a hexadecyl chain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hexadecyl-functionalized lamellar mesostructured silicates and aluminosilicates designed for polymer–clay nanocomposites. Part II: Dispersion in organic solvents and in polystyrene

Chastek

Stein

Macosko

2005

Polymer

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rheologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rheologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hexadecyl-functionalized lamellar mesostructured silicates and aluminosilicates designed for polymer–clay nanocomposites. Part II: Dispersion in organic solvents and in polystyrene

Chastek

Stein

Macosko

2005

Polymer

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“…The material might be converted to the acid form, and then either heated to produce quartz-like plates, or alkylated (e.g. with butanol) to produce an organophilic material.Similar structures were prepared at T 70 o C by Chastek et al 83 Starting with tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), and hexadecyl trimethoxy silane (HDTMOS) lamellar mesostructured silicates (LMS) were produced. Alternatively, in the presence of aluminum chloride hexahydrate (AlCl 3 Á 6H 2 O), a lamellar mesostructured aluminosilicates (LMASs) was obtained.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Synthetic, layered nanoparticles for polymeric nanocomposites (PNCs)

Utracki

Sepehr

Boccaleri

2007

Polymers for Advanced Techs

379

252

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Synthetic, layered nano-particles for polymeric nanocomposites (PNC's)Utracki, L. A.; Sepehr, M.; Boccaleri, E.Contact us / Contactez nous: nparc.cisti@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca.http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/jsp/nparc_cp.jsp?lang=fr L'accès à ce site Web et l'utilisation de son contenu sont assujettis aux conditions présentées dans le site Web page / page Web http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pat.852 http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/ctrl?action=rtdoc&an=15774991&lang=en http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/ctrl?action=rtdoc&an=15774991&lang=fr LISEZ CES CONDITIONS ATTENTIVEMENT AVANT D'UTILISER CE SITE WEB. READ THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS CAREFULLY BEFORE USING THIS WEBSITE.Access and use of this website and the material on it are subject to the Terms and Conditions set forth at http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/jsp/nparc_cp.jsp?lang=en This review discusses preparation and use of the synthetic layered nanoparticles in polymer matrices, i.e., in the polymeric nanocomposites (PNCs). Several types of synthetic or semi-synthetic layered materials are considered, namely the phyllosilicates (clays), silicic acid (magadiite), layered double hydroxides (LDHs), zirconium phosphates (ZrPs), and di-chalcogenides. The main advantage of synthetic clays is their chemical purity (e.g. absence of amorphous and gritty contaminants, as well as arsenic, iron, and other heavy metals), white to transparent color that assures reproducibly of brightly colored products, as well as a wide range of aspect ratios, p ¼ 20 to £6000. Several large scale production facilities have been established. The synthetic clay and LDH industries are oriented toward big volume markets: catalysis, foodstuff, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, toiletry, etc. The use of these materials in PNCs is limited to synthetic clays and LDHs, mainly for reinforcement, permeability control, reduction of flammability, and stabilization, e.g. during dehydrohalogenation of chlorinated macromolecules. The use of lamellar ZrPs and di-chalcogenides is at the laboratory stage of functional polymeric systems development, e.g. for electrically conductive materials, catalysts or support for catalysts, in photochemistry, molecular and chiral recognition, or in fuel cell technologies, etc. Copyright # 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.KEYWORDS: polymeric nanocomposites; nanoparticles; clay; layered double hydroxides; matrix POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES Polym. Adv. Technol. 2007; 18: 1-37 Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI: 10.1002/pat.852 AUTHORS' BIOGRAPHIESDr Leszek A. Utracki was born and educated (up to Habilitation) in Poland. After the post-doctoral stage at USC in Los Angeles with Robert Simha he settled in Canada. His passionate research interest has been within the field of thermodynamics, rheology and processing of multicomponent, multiphase polymeric systems. During the 55 years in the profession he has published several hundred articles, book chapters, books, patents, etc., which has placed him on the ISI li...

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Synthesis of lamellar isobutyl silicates and dispersion in polypropylene melts

Chastek¹,

Que²,

Jarzombeck³

et al. 2007

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A new synthetic clay, iC 4 -LMS, which is a lamellar mesostructured silicate with isobutyl groups covalently attached to silicate sheets, was synthesized with the goal to increase the compatibility of the inorganic sheets with polypropylene (PP) in a melt-blending process. The lamellar morphology of iC 4 -LMS was confirmed using Xray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Based on 29 Si and 13 C{ 1 H} CP-MAS NMR spectra, isobutyl functional groups were attached to at least 10 mol % of silicate tetrahedral sites in the inorganic layers. These surface groups mimic the subunits in the PP chains. Samples of iC 4 -LMS were mixed with several organic solvents and sonicated. The solvent most like PP, tetramethylpentadecane, had the highest viscosity, forming a gel which indicates very good dispersion of the clay. However, when iC 4 -LMS was melt-blended with PP, it did not show significant increase in rheology. This modest effect on rheology may arise from fracture of iC 4 -LMS layers as a result of the shear stresses during melt blending produced by the viscous PP.

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Hexadecyl-functionalized lamellar mesostructured silicates and aluminosilicates designed for polymer–clay nanocomposites. Part I. Clay synthesis and structure

Cited by 15 publications

References 38 publications

Hexadecyl-functionalized lamellar mesostructured silicates and aluminosilicates designed for polymer–clay nanocomposites. Part II: Dispersion in organic solvents and in polystyrene

Hexadecyl-functionalized lamellar mesostructured silicates and aluminosilicates designed for polymer–clay nanocomposites. Part II: Dispersion in organic solvents and in polystyrene

Synthetic, layered nanoparticles for polymeric nanocomposites (PNCs)

Synthesis of lamellar isobutyl silicates and dispersion in polypropylene melts

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