Hexadecahydrotetrabenzo[a,c,d,f]fluorene – Ligand, available by Friedel–Crafts fluorene cycloalkylation. Synthesis, crystal and molecular structure of (η5-C29H34)(η5-C5H5)ZrCl2

The Different Faces of [Ru(bpy)3Cl2] and fac[Ir(ppy)3] Photocatalysts: Redox Potential Controlled Synthesis of Sulfonylated Fluorenes and Pyrroloindoles from Unactivated Olefins and Sulfonyl Chlorides

“…Over the past few decades, fluorenes and pyrroloindoles were identified as important building blocks for synthetic, medicinal, and materials chemistry because of their unique physical, chemical, and biological properties . Fluorene, in particular, is a promising skeletal structure that is widely used for manufacturing advanced materials, biologically and pharmaceutically important compounds, ligands, as well as unique protecting groups . To date, a number of research groups exploring various synthetic strategies to access such fused tricyclic systems have revealed transition-metal-catalyzed/mediated reactions or Friedel–Crafts alkylations promoted by Brønsted/Lewis acids .…”

Palladium-Catalyzed Cyclization of Alkenes with Organohalides

“…Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have attracted a great deal of attention over the last decades because of their special physical and chemical properties . Fluorene, one of the most important diverse PAH structures, is widely employed in the manufacture of advanced materials, biological and pharmaceutical relevant compounds, as well as effective ligands and unique protecting groups . As such, intense research interest has been paid to explore some practical synthetic strategies, including Brønsted or Lewis acid promoted intramolecular Friedel–Crafts alkylation, transition-metal-catalyzed/mediated cyclization utilizing C–H bond activation or carbene C–H insertion, and even radical reactions .…”