“…The other is ordinary nongrooming node, called -node, which can only switch the whole input traffic to the output port. The network, configured with -node and -node, is called sparse grooming networks [12,13]. However, in sparse grooming networks, since the -node has no ability to groom the low-speed traffic, it would lead to the unreasonable use of network wavelength resource, and the network performance will ebb.…”