Heuristic-Based Journey Planner for Mobility as a Service (MaaS)

Abstract

The continuing growth of urbanisation poses a real threat to the operation of transportation services in large metropolitan areas around the world. As a response, several initiatives that promote public transport and active travelling have emerged in the last few years. Mobility as a Service (MaaS) is one such initiative with the main goal being the provision of a holistic urban mobility solution through a single interface, the MaaS operator. The successful implementation of MaaS requires the support of a technology platform for travellers to fully benefit from the offered transport services. A central component of such a platform is a journey planner with the ability to provide trip options that efficiently integrate the different modes included in a MaaS scheme. This paper presents a heuristic that implements a scenario-based journey planner for users of MaaS. The proposed heuristic provides routes composed of different modes including private cars, public transport, bike-sharing, car-sharing and ride-hailing. The methodological approach for the generation of journeys is explained and its implementation using a microservices architecture is presented. The implemented system was trialled in two European cities and the analysis of user satisfaction results reveal good overall performance.

The State of the Art of Cooperative and Connected Autonomous Vehicles from the Future Mobility Management Perspective: A Systematic Review

“…[1,9,10,[15][16][17][18]21] *; . [13,17,20,44] *; [28,36,39,41,43] **; [59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75]. Note: *discussed under theme 1 & **discussed under theme 2.…”

“…[ 13,17,20,44] *; [28,36,39,41,43] **; [59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75].…”

“…For future mobility services, the traffic management center must have the capability to merge the recommendations of a group of travelers moving in the same direction and also to split the shared mobility number [65] according to requests made by the individual travelers and must be able to distribute the demand for available travel options, such as CAVs. Thus, CAVs can be included in the domain of mobility as a service (MaaS) [62,66] as per the definition of shared mobility [72]. On-demand services can also be offered by CAVs, as demonstrated for the city of Athens by Mourtakos et al [69].…”

Correlation Analysis Method of Customisation and Semi-Personalisation in Mobility as a Service

“…The mobile Internet and mobile cloud are the two most significant technologies that facilitate the MAbased mobility services [17]. Travel planning is still one of the important functions in MaaS MAs [18]; however, the notification of service, the information about transfers [19], the travel tracking function etc., which are tightly related with real-time information are to be put in the focus. Especially when the cybersecurity of autonomous vehicle based MaaS services is taken into consideration [20].…”

“…The major application developers of selected MaaS MAs are located in Europe (18). Mostly, worldwide operated ones (7) are found in America.…”