Heterotrophic microalgae production on food waste and by-products

Ende, S.S.W.; Noke, Anja

doi:10.1007/s10811-018-1697-6

Cited by 45 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Often, they exceed the regulatory discharge levels for dissolved organic carbon and have to be treated further. These high levels of organic substrate are an ideal resource for the production of feedstock or high value products [25]. Utilization of wastewater streams from food production would not only relieve wastewater treatment plants, but is also a step towards a circular economy [26,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of sugars in wastewater from food production through heterotrophic growth of Galdieria sulphuraria

Scherhag

Ackermann

2020

Engineering in Life Sciences

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The unicellular extremophilic red alga Galdieria sulphuraria is capable of chemoheterotrophy and its growth has been investigated on some defined and undefined substrates. In this study, the removal of sugars in wastewater from fruit‐salad production with G. sulphuraria strain SAG 21.92 was analyzed. Growth and sugar consumption were determined under variation of temperature, pH‐value and concentration of a model substrate, containing sucrose, glucose and fructose. In shake flask cultivation maximum specific growth rate and specific substrate consumption rate of 1.53±0.09 day−1 and 2.41±0.14 gSub·gDW−1·day−1 were measured at pH 2 and 42°C. A scale‐up of this process was conducted in a 3 L stirred tank reactor (STR). Wastewater from fruit‐salad production was diluted to 15 g·L−1 total sugar concentration, supplemented with micronutrients and ammonia and pH was set to 3. Determined growth rate and substrate consumption were 1.21 day−1 and 1.88 gSub·gDW−1·day−1, respectively. It was demonstrated, that high sugar concentrations in wastewater streams from food production processes can be significantly reduced with G. sulphuraria SAG 21.92. This strain could achieve substrate consumption rates in wastewater, equal to the more common strain 074G, but at higher pH values. Generated biomass can be used for production of phycocyanin, a valuable nutraceutical.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of sugars in wastewater from food production through heterotrophic growth of Galdieria sulphuraria

Scherhag

Ackermann

2020

Engineering in Life Sciences

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“…Notably, no protein source is likely to be used as a sole source in any case, with constraints to inclusion levels meaning that the contribution of individual ingredient to the diet's amino acid profile is somewhat also constrained. In SCOs the protein is arguably of secondary importance, but in some resources this protein level is still appreciable [8,78,79].…”

Section: Proteins and Amino Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to SCPs, in SCOs the main value lies less so in the total lipid content of these resources, but rather in the specific fatty acid profile of that lipid. This is not to underestimate the intrinsic value of the total lipid abundance, but rather that the specific point of difference that SCOs have against many other ingredients available is their relatively unique content of long-chain omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) [7,78,79].…”

Section: Lipids and Others (Astaxanthin And Bioactives)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Application of Single-Cell Ingredients in Aquaculture Feeds—A Review

Glencross

Huyben

Schrama

2020

Fishes

116

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Single-cell ingredients (SCI) are a relatively broad class of materials that encompasses bacterial, fungal (yeast), microalgal-derived products or the combination of all three microbial groups into microbial bioflocs and aggregates. In this review we focus on those dried and processed single-cell organisms used as potential ingredients for aqua-feeds where the microorganisms are considered non-viable and are used primarily to provide protein, lipids or specific nutritional components. Among the SCI, there is a generalised dichotomy in terms of their use as either single-cell protein (SCP) resources or single-cell oil (SCO) resources, with SCO products being those oleaginous products containing 200 g/kg or more of lipids, whereas those products considered as SCP resources tend to contain more than 300 g/kg of protein (on a dry basis). Both SCP and SCO are now widely being used as protein/amino acid sources, omega-3 sources and sources of bioactive molecules in the diets of several species, with the current range of both these ingredient groups being considerable and growing. However, the different array of products becoming available in the market, how they are produced and processed has also resulted in different nutritional qualities in those products. In assessing this variation among the products and the application of the various types of SCI, we have taken the approach of evaluating their use against a set of standardised evaluation criteria based around key nutritional response parameters and how these criteria have been applied against salmonids, shrimp, tilapia and marine fish species.

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“…Heterotrophic microalgae use organic compounds as carbon and energy sources to grow and do not use light as an energy source (Figure 1, Table 1). Indeed, these microorganisms show several benefits over the autotrophic microalgae to treat waste streams, such as: (a) they can grow in cheaper bioreactors, requiring less sophisticated equipment, and are therefore easily scaled-up; (b) they do not require light to grow, which reduces the equipment requirements and costs; (c) the cultures attain higher, denser cell concentrations and intracellular product productivities than autotrophic cultures; (d) the algal biomass composition can be tailored by changing the type of organic substrate in the medium; (e) heterotrophic microalgae can remove organic carbonaceous, nitrogen, and phosphorus compounds from the wastes more efficiently than autotrophic growth [19][20][21].…”

Section: Autotrophic Versus Heterotrophic Mode For Microalgal Waste Stream Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Heterotrophic Microalgae in Waste Conversion to Biofuels and Bioproducts

et al. 2021

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In the last few decades, microalgae have attracted attention from the scientific community worldwide, being considered a promising feedstock for renewable energy production, as well as for a wide range of high value-added products such as pigments and poly-unsaturated fatty acids for pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, food, and cosmetic markets. Despite the investments in microalgae biotechnology to date, the major obstacle to its wide commercialization is the high cost of microalgal biomass production and expensive product extraction steps. One way to reduce the microalgae production costs is the use of low-cost feedstock for microalgae production. Some wastes contain organic and inorganic components that may serve as nutrients for algal growth, decreasing the culture media cost and, thus, the overall process costs. Most of the research studies on microalgae waste treatment use autotrophic and mixotrophic microalgae growth. Research on heterotrophic microalgae to treat wastes is still scarce, although this cultivation mode shows several benefits over the others, such as higher organic carbon load tolerance, intracellular products production, and stability in production all year round, regardless of the location and climate. In this review article, the use of heterotrophic microalgae to simultaneously treat wastes and produce high value-added bioproducts and biofuels will be discussed, critically analyzing the most recent research done in this area so far and envisioning the use of this approach to a commercial scale in the near future.

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Heterotrophic microalgae production on food waste and by-products

Cited by 45 publications

References 37 publications

Removal of sugars in wastewater from food production through heterotrophic growth of Galdieria sulphuraria

Removal of sugars in wastewater from food production through heterotrophic growth of Galdieria sulphuraria

The Application of Single-Cell Ingredients in Aquaculture Feeds—A Review

The Role of Heterotrophic Microalgae in Waste Conversion to Biofuels and Bioproducts

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