Heterotrophic microalgae cultivation to synergize biodiesel production with waste remediation: Progress and perspectives

Pyrolysis of microalgal biomass in carbon dioxide environment

“…Therefore, biofuels from the inedible biomass (the second generation of biofuels) and from the aquatic biomass (the third generation of biofuels) were proposed as an alternative to the first generation of biofuels and the remarkable technical advances that have been achieved for the last 15 years (Do et al, 2015;Ma and Hanna, 1999;Park et al, 2015). In parallel, these technical advances have also brought force the concept of biorefinery to produce value added products and the substitution of petroleum-derived chemical products (Abdelaziz et al, 2015;Francavilla et al, 2015;Sarkar et al, 2015;Venkata Mohan et al, 2015). Unfortunately, in spite of the remarkable technical achievements, the concrete and optimum techniques for producing the second and the third generation of biofuels have yet to be fully implemented.…”

Raw dark fermentation effluent to support heterotrophic microalgae growth: microalgae successfully outcompete bacteria for acetate

“…Order*/species (closest known sequence) 1 Relative abundance (%) 2 Anaerobic or aerobic metabolism Specific characteristics Reference 1 Names in italics correspond to the closest genetically known sequences, for all sequences, percentages of identity to reference sequence were greater or equal to 97%. 2 Relative abundances were calculated by dividing the number of sequences for the taxon by the total number of sequences per sample.…”

“…in the dark using organic carbon sources, due to (i) high growth rates, biomass densities and lipid yields achieved, (ii) the possibility of using non-arable land, (iii) high volumetric production and (iv) the use of existing technologies, such as microbial fermenters [1]. Heterotrophic microalgae can be cultivated to produce either low-added value molecules such as lipids for biofuels, or high-added value molecules such as the omega 3 fatty acids, DHA and EPA, for human nutrition [2].…”

Photoautotrophic microorganisms and bioremediation of industrial effluents: current status and future prospects

“…The heterotrophic nutrition can occur both in the presence (photo-heterotrophic condition) or absence of light and the growth of alga remains static as observed in different species of Chlorella and Nostoc . For large scale photo-bioreactors, the main hindrance of light dependency is escaped which is required to achieve a high cell density in photo-heterotrophic mode of nutrition (Mohan et al 2015). According to Perez-Garcia et al (2011) heterotrophic mode of nutrition is cost-effective, easy and simple to support the cultivation of microalgae at large scale as compared to autotrophic cultivation.…”