Heterotrimeric G proteins regulate planarian regeneration and behavior

Jenkins, Jennifer E; Roberts-Galbraith, Rachel H.

doi:10.1093/genetics/iyad019

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…Protein alignment and phylogenetic analysis were performed as described in (Jenkins & Roberts-Galbraith, 2022). Briefly, the longest open reading frame for each sequence was identified using web-based translation tool Expert Protein Analysis System [ExPASy, https://www.expasy.org/; (Gasteiger, 2003)] or NCBI Open Reading Frame Finder (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/orffinder/).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ets-1 transcription factor regulates glial cell regeneration and function in planarians

Chandra

Voas

Davies

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Glia play multifaceted roles in nervous systems in response to injury. Depending on the species, extent of injury, and glial cell type in question, glia can help or hinder the regeneration of neurons. Studying glia in the context of successful regeneration could reveal key features of pro-regenerative glia that could be exploited for improvement of human therapies. Planarian flatworms completely regenerate their nervous systems after injury—including glia—and thus provide a strong model system with which to explore glia in the context of regeneration. Here, we report that planarian glia regenerate after neurons and that glia require neural structures to regenerate near the eyespot. We find that the planarian transcription factor-encoding gene ets-1 promotes glial cell maintenance and regeneration. We also find that ets-1(RNAi) impairs nervous system architecture, neuronal gene expression, and animal behavior. Taken together, the discovery of ets-1 as a regulator of glial persistence presents a critical first step in understanding glial regulation and potential roles of glia in planarian neurobiology. More importantly, we elucidate interrelationships between glia and neurons in the context of robust neural regeneration.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ets-1 transcription factor regulates glial cell regeneration and function in planarians

Chandra

Voas

Davies

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Protein alignment and phylogenetic analysis were performed as described previously ( Jenkins and Roberts-Galbraith, 2023 ). Briefly, the longest open reading frame for each sequence was identified using web-based translation tool Expert Protein Analysis System [ExPASy, ; ( Gasteiger, 2003 )] or NCBI Open Reading Frame Finder ( ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ets-1 transcription factor regulates glial cell regeneration and function in planarians

Chandra,

Voas,

Davies

et al. 2023

Development

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Glia play multifaceted roles in nervous systems in response to injury. Depending on the species, extent of injury and glial cell type in question, glia can help or hinder the regeneration of neurons. Studying glia in the context of successful regeneration could reveal features of pro-regenerative glia that could be exploited for new human therapies. Planarian flatworms completely regenerate their nervous systems after injury – including glia – and thus provide a strong model system for exploring glia in the context of regeneration. Here, we report that planarian glia regenerate after neurons, and that neurons are required for correct glial numbers and localization during regeneration. We also identify the planarian transcription factor-encoding gene ets-1 as a key regulator of glial cell maintenance and regeneration. Using ets-1 (RNAi) to perturb glia, we show that glial loss is associated with altered neuronal gene expression, impeded animal movement and impaired nervous system architecture – particularly within the neuropil. Importantly, our work reveals the inter-relationships of glia and neurons in the context of robust neural regeneration.

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“…Gene regulatory networks (GRNs) built by modeling transcription factor interactions with enhancers suggest that ptch-1 + neurons transduce signals to maintain polarity along the axis ( Neiro et al, 2022 ). Additionally, the FoxG and the G-protein subunits Gαq1 and Gβ1-4a are predicted to be upstream regulators of wnt1 , required for planarian posterior identity specification and anterior re-establishment, respectively ( Jenkins & Roberts-Galbraith, 2023 ; Koinuma et al, 2003 ; Pascual-Carreras et al, 2020 , 2023 ).…”

Section: Dynamics and Diversity Of Cell-cell Communication In Planari...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The known, unknown, and unknown unknowns of cell-cell communication in planarian regeneration

Chen,

Lei

2023

Zoological Research

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Planarians represent the most primitive bilateral triploblastic animals. Most planarian species exhibit mechanisms for whole-body regeneration, exemplified by the regeneration of their cephalic ganglion after complete excision. Given their robust whole-body regeneration capacity, planarians have been model organisms in regenerative research for more than 240 years. Advancements in research tools and techniques have progressively elucidated the mechanisms underlying planarian regeneration. Accurate cell-cell communication is recognized as a fundamental requirement for regeneration. In recent decades, mechanisms associated with such communication have been revealed at the cellular level. Notably, stem cells (neoblasts) have been identified as the source of all new cells during planarian homeostasis and regeneration. The interplay between neoblasts and somatic cells affects the identities and proportions of various tissues during homeostasis and regeneration. Here, this review outlines key discoveries regarding communication between stem cell compartments and other cell types in planarians, as well as the impact of communication on planarian regeneration. Additionally, this review discusses the challenges and potential directions of future planarian research, emphasizing the sustained impact of this field on our understanding of animal regeneration.

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Heterotrimeric G proteins regulate planarian regeneration and behavior

Cited by 3 publications

References 114 publications

Ets-1 transcription factor regulates glial cell regeneration and function in planarians

Ets-1 transcription factor regulates glial cell regeneration and function in planarians

Ets-1 transcription factor regulates glial cell regeneration and function in planarians

The known, unknown, and unknown unknowns of cell-cell communication in planarian regeneration

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