Heterostructured hybrids of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent–organic frameworks (COFs)

Abstract

MOF/COF-based hybrids show the properties of precisely tunable compositions and structures, and provide a broad range of potential applications in gas sorption and separation, catalysis, energy transfer, biomedicine, etc.

Process of metal–organic framework (MOF)/covalent–organic framework (COF) hybrids-based derivatives and their applications on energy transfer and storage

“…92 On the other hand, a high energy barrier would be generated for two different MOFs with mismatched lattice parameters, leading to the separation of second MOFs growth. 61 Therefore, MOF-on-MOF hybrids with interface interaction between two MOFs cannot be achieved, further limiting the option of MOFs for the orderly growth of a MOF-on-MOF heterojunction structure. The next section focuses mainly on the preparation and applications of MOF@MOF- or MOF@COF-based derivatives.…”

“…The synergetic effect of MOF/COF-based hybrids at the interface of heterostructures is important to the improvement of catalytic activities. 61 Moreover, interface interactions are also generated between different metal centers, and the heteroatomic interface can facilitate the formation of oxygen vacancies. The redistribution of charged species at the heteroatom interface not only produces a potential gradient, but also creates stable electron fields for the formation of rapid charge transfer channels.…”

Progress in Hybridization of Covalent Organic Frameworks and Metal–Organic Frameworks

“…The recently developed MOFs and COFs hybrid materials (MOF/COF hybrid materials), which integrate MOFs and COFs, are among the composites that have captured great attention. [105][106][107][108][109] Due to the commonality and uniqueness of MOFs and COFs, the MOF/COF hybrid materials can behave with outstanding performance. On the one hand, they present the characteristics of both MOFs and COFs, while on the other hand, they possess some novel functions that come from their excellent synergistic properties.…”

Imidazole encapsulated in core–shell MOF@COFs with a high anhydrous proton conductivity

“…Hybrid materials constructed from both MOFs and COFs, known as MOFs@COFs, combine the advantages both materials, meaning that they are widely used in applications including catalysis, gas separation, and sensing. [24][25][26] Fu et al 27 reported the COFs-300@ZIF-8 composite, which showed the highest separation selectivity performance for H 2 /CO 2 gas mixtures. Lan et al 28 provided an integrated porous NH 2 -UiO-66/TpPa-1-COFs hybrid with good photocatalytic H 2 evolution under visible light.…”