Heterosis � nutrition interaction in Drosophila melanogaster

Ruban, Ps; Cunningham, E. P.; Sharp, Paul M.

doi:10.1007/bf00288844

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…2005; but see Henry et al 2003). Along similar lines, several studies have found that the extent of heterosis in line crosses is magnified under stressful conditions (e.g., Pederson 1968;Rich and Bell 1980;Barlow 1981;Ruban et al 1988;Edmands and Deimler 2004). These studies suggest that stressful environments may increase the detrimental fitness effects of recessive alleles, which would effectively increase selection coefficients against the genetic load during inbreeding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Selection and Inbreeding Depression: Effects of Inbreeding Rate and Inbreeding Environment

Swindell

Bouzat

2006

Evolution

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The magnitude of inbreeding depression in small populations may depend on the effectiveness with which natural selection purges deleterious recessive alleles from populations during inbreeding. The effectiveness of this purging process, however, may be influenced by the rate of inbreeding and the environment in which inbreeding occurs. Although some experimental studies have examined these factors individually, no study has examined their joint effect or potential interaction. In the present study, therefore, we performed an experiment in which 180 lineages of Drosophila melanogaster were inbred at slow and fast inbreeding rates within each of three inbreeding environments (benign, high temperature, and competitive). The fitness of all lineages was then measured in a common benign environment. Although slow inbreeding reduced inbreeding depression in lineages inbred under high temperature stress, a similar reduction was not observed with respect to the benign or competitive treatments. Overall, therefore, the effect of inbreeding rate was nonsignificant. The inbreeding environment, in contrast, had a larger and more consistent effect on inbreeding depression. Under both slow and fast rates of inbreeding, inbreeding depression was significantly reduced in lineages inbred in the presence of a competitor D. melanogaster strain. A similar reduction of inbreeding depression occurred in lineages inbred under high temperature stress at a slow inbreeding rate. Overall, our findings show that inbreeding depression is reduced when inbreeding takes place in a stressful environment, possibly due to more effective purging under such conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Selection and Inbreeding Depression: Effects of Inbreeding Rate and Inbreeding Environment

Swindell

Bouzat

2006

Evolution

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“…Inbreeding depression and its counterpart, heterosis, have been shown generally to be larger in harsh environments than in more benign ones for a variety of traits: reproductive output, viability, viability to first reproduction and growth rate (Parsons, 1959;Griffing & Langridge, 1963;Pederson, 1968;Ruban et a!., 1988;Dudash, 1990). The majority of stress types that have been studied, however, were not severe ones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat-shock tolerance and inbreeding in Drosophila buzzatii

1995

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The effect of inbreeding on survival after a short-term heat shock was tested for two age groups of the cactophilic fruit fly, Drosophila buzzatii, reared under nonstress conditions. Four inbreeding levels (F = 0, F = 0.25, F = 0.375, F = 0.5) were generated by outcrossing or full-sib mating. All flies were conditioned at 36.5°C for 75 mm prior to exposure to stress, to activate the synthesis of heatshock proteins. These proteins are known to protect cells against stress damage. The younger group of flies were exposed to a thermal stress of 40.7°C for 88 mm, 103 mm, or 118 mm and the older flies to the same temperature only for 88 mm or 103 mm, as the survival of older flies after heat stress was much lower than that of the younger flies. Survival after heat shock declined with increased inbreeding in both age groups. For the younger flies, the slope of the regression line, F, on survival was lower at higher stress levels. For the older flies, inbreeding effects were similar at both stress levels. Mortality without stress also differed significantly among inbreeding groups, mainly because of a large difference between the F =0.5 group and all others.

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“…Percent heterosis of 13-day larval weight of Tribolium castuneum was larger under poor nutritional conditions than under normal nutritional levels (RICH and BELL 1980). Heterosis was more pronounced in poor nutritional conditions for average daily egg production and egg hatchability in Drosophilu melunoguster ( RUBAN et al 1988). DOM~NGUEZ and ALBORNOZ (1987) found that heterosis for fecundity in Drosophilu melunoguster was larger under optimal temperature and density conditions than under stressful conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%