Heteropoly acid functionalized fluoroelastomer with outstanding chemical durability and performance for vehicular fuel cells

Motz, Andrew R.; Kuo, Mei‐Chen; Horan, James L.; Yadav, Rameshwar; Seifert, Söenke; Pandey, Tara P.; Galioto, Samuel; Yang, Yuan; Dale, Nilesh; Hamrock, Steven J.; Herring, Andrew M.

doi:10.1039/c8ee00545a

Cited by 65 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…The chemical AST is accomplished by an open circuit voltage (OCV) hold at 90 °C and 30% RH, according to the US Department of Energy suggested protocols 40,66 . As shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mechanical AST is carried out at 80 °C for 25,000 RH 60 s cycles, with each cycle switching between 100% (30 s) and 0% RH (30 s) at both the anode and cathode, according to the US Department of Energy suggested protocols 40,66 . Different from the purpose of demonstrating PWA retention in the PEM in a hot water environment (sample 1), the polarization curves before and after mechanical AST are obtained and compared at 80 °C/80% RH.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The chemical ASTs were performed by an OCV hold at 90 °C, with 30% RH hydrogen and 30% RH oxygen (2.5 atm hydrogen and 2.0 atm oxygen, without back pressure) for the anode and cathode, respectively. The mechanical AST were carried out at 80 °C for 25,000 RH 60 s cycles, with each cycle switching between 100% (30 s) and 0% RH (30 s) at both the anode and cathode, according to the US Department of Energy suggested protocols 40,66 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other approaches involve immobilization of PWA onto water-insoluble supports, such as SiO 2 29,30 , ZrO 2 31,32 , mesoporous silica 33,34 , and carbon nanotube 35 . More recently, amino-containing polymers, stabilized PWAs by hydrogen bonding 36 , electrostatic force 37,38 , or acid–base interactions 36,39 have been reported, as well as chemical bonding of lacunary silicotungstic acid (SiWA, similar to PWA) to polymers 40–42 . With these approaches, enhanced stability of PWA composite PEMs was achieved, but long-term membrane stability tests (>30 days) under severe conditions (>90 °C in water) are not reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other studies incorporated small molecular antioxidants, including Vitamin E 50 , antioxidant 1010 51 , and dihydroxy-cinnamic acid 52 . Among various heteropoly acids, doped SiWA 40 have been reported to be relatively stable to radical degradation, but there appears to be less understanding on approaches to further enhance PEM chemical durability. Both OH • and OOH • have unpaired electrons and are highly electrophilic 53,54 , so we advance the hypothesis that electron-rich regions of the PEM structure are more susceptible to OH • and OOH • attack.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnetic field alignment of stable proton-conducting channels in an electrolyte membrane

et al. 2019

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Proton exchange membranes with short-pathway through-plane orientated proton conductivity are highly desirable for use in proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Magnetic field is utilized to create oriented structure in proton exchange membranes. Previously, this has only been carried out by proton nonconductive metal oxide-based fillers. Here, under a strong magnetic field, a proton-conducting paramagnetic complex based on ferrocyanide-coordinated polymer and phosphotungstic acid is used to prepare composite membranes with highly conductive through-plane-aligned proton channels. Gratifyingly, this strategy simultaneously overcomes the high water-solubility of phosphotungstic acid in composite membranes, thereby preventing its leaching and the subsequent loss of membrane conductivity. The ferrocyanide groups in the coordinated polymer, via redox cycle, can continuously consume free radicals, thus helping to improve the long-term in situ membrane durability. The composite membranes exhibit outstanding proton conductivity, fuel cell performance and durability, compared with other types of hydrocarbon membranes and industry standard Nafion® 212.

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“…The chemical AST is accomplished by an open circuit voltage (OCV) hold at 90 °C and 30% RH, according to the US Department of Energy suggested protocols 40,66 . As shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Magnetic field alignment of stable proton-conducting channels in an electrolyte membrane

et al. 2019

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Hydrocarbon Ionomeric Binders for Fuel Cells and Electrolyzers

Kim

2023

Advanced Science

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Ionomeric binders in catalyst layers, abbreviated as ionomers, play an essential role in the performance of polymer–electrolyte membrane fuel cells and electrolyzers. Due to environmental issues associated with perfluoroalkyl substances, alternative hydrocarbon ionomers have drawn substantial attention over the past few years. This review surveys literature to discuss ionomer requirements for the electrodes of fuel cells and electrolyzers, highlighting design principles of hydrocarbon ionomers to guide the development of advanced hydrocarbon ionomers.

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Precise Molecular‐Level Modification of Nafion with Bismuth Oxide Clusters for High‐performance Proton‐Exchange Membranes

Liu

et al. 2021

Angewandte Chemie

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Fabricating proton exchange membranes (PEMs) with high ionic conductivity and ideal mechanical robustness through regulation of the membrane microstructures achieved by molecular‐level hybridization remains essential but challenging for the further development of high‐performance PEM fuel cells. In this work, by precisely hybridizing nano‐scaled bismuth oxide clusters into Nafion, we have fabricated the high‐performance hybrid membrane, Nafion‐Bi12‐3 %, which showed a proton conductivity of 386 mS cm−1 at 80 °C in aqueous solution with low methanol permeability, and conserved the ideal mechanical and chemical stabilities as PEMs. Moreover, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was employed to clarify the structural properties and the assembly mechanisms of the hybrid membrane on the molecular level. The maximum current density and power density of Nafion‐Bi12‐3 % for direct methanol fuel cells reached to 432.7 mA cm−2 and 110.2 mW cm−2, respectively. This work provides new insights into the design of versatile functional polymer electrolyte membranes through polyoxometalate hybridization.

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Heteropoly acid functionalized fluoroelastomer with outstanding chemical durability and performance for vehicular fuel cells

Abstract: A membrane using heterpolyacids as the protogenic group can solve the chemical durability issue of polymer electrolyte fuel cells.

Cited by 65 publications

References 62 publications

Magnetic field alignment of stable proton-conducting channels in an electrolyte membrane

Magnetic field alignment of stable proton-conducting channels in an electrolyte membrane

Hydrocarbon Ionomeric Binders for Fuel Cells and Electrolyzers

Precise Molecular‐Level Modification of Nafion with Bismuth Oxide Clusters for High‐performance Proton‐Exchange Membranes

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