Heterologous <scp>SARS‐CoV</scp>‐2 <scp>IgA</scp> neutralising antibody responses in convalescent plasma

Davis, Samantha K; Selva, Kevin J.; López, Ester; Haycroft, Ebene R; Lee, Wen Shi; Wheatley, Adam K.; Juno, Jennifer A; Adair, Amy; Pymm, Phillip; Redmond, Samuel; Gherardin, Nicholas A.; Godfrey, Dale I.; Tham, Wai‐Hong; Kent, Stephen J.; Chung, Amy W.

doi:10.1002/cti2.1424

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…However, infection-induced IgA antibodies may provide even more potent protection as they can recognize epitopes beyond the spike antigen, e.g., associated with nucleocapsid protein. In line with this, systemic IgA antibodies in COVID-19 were found to contribute to viral neutralization [ 35 ] and protect against infection [ 36 ]. Therefore, increased IgA seroprevalence associated in the present study with seasonal influenza vaccination may contribute to decreased COVID-19 burden related to reinfections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Influenza vaccination as a prognostic factor of humoral IgA responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection

Poniedziałek,

Sikora,

Hallmann

et al. 2024

cejoi

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There is evidence that influenza vaccination may provide additional benefits by inducing training of innate immunity and increasing humoral responses to heterologous challenges. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies dominate the early phase of the adaptive response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, but whether their production may be associated with previous influenza vaccination has not been a subject of any study. This study compared serum SARS-CoV-2-specific IgA responses, measured with Microblot-Array assay, in individuals who experienced COVID-19 (N = 1318) and differed in the status of the seasonal influenza vaccine, age, sex, and disease severity. Influenza-vaccinated individuals had a higher seroprevalence of IgA antibodies against nucleocapsid (anti-NP; by 10.1%), receptor-binding domain of spike protein (anti-RBD; by 11.8%) and the S2 subunit of spike protein (anti-S2; by 6.8%). Multivariate analysis, including age, sex, and COVID-19 severity, confirmed that receiving the influenza vaccine was associated with higher odds of being seropositive for anti-NP (OR, 95% CI = 1.57, 1.2-2.0), anti-RBD (OR, 95% CI = 1.6, 1.3-2.0), and anti-S2 (OR, 95% CI = 1.9, 1.4-2.7), as well as being seropositive for at least one anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgA antibody (OR, 95% CI = 1.7, 1.3-2.1) and all three of them (OR, 95% CI = 2.6, 1.7-4.0). Age ≥ 50 years was an additional factor predicting better IgA responses. However, the concentration of particular antibodies in seropositive subjects did not differ in relation to the influenza vaccination status. The study evidenced that influenza vaccination was associated with improved serum IgA levels produced in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Further studies are necessary to assess whether trained immunity is involved in the observed phenomenon.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Influenza vaccination as a prognostic factor of humoral IgA responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection

Poniedziałek,

Sikora,

Hallmann

et al. 2024

cejoi

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Higher levels of salivary antibodies, especially anti-RBD secretory IgA, are associated with protection against breakthrough COVID-19 ( 3 ). Indeed, neutralizing IgA is detected in COVID-19–recovered individuals and can recognize a range of RBD mutations ( 23 , 24 ). We and others have previously shown that current IM COVID-19 vaccinations are inefficient in inducing mucosal IgA responses in vaccinated only individuals ( 1 , 5 , 6 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preexisting immunity restricts mucosal antibody recognition of SARS-CoV-2 and Fc profiles during breakthrough infections

Selva,

Ramanathan,

Haycroft

et al. 2023

JCI Insight

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Understanding mucosal antibody responses from SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or vaccination is crucial to develop strategies for longer term immunity, especially against emerging viral variants. We profiled serial paired mucosal and plasma antibodies from COVID-19 vaccinated only vaccinees (vaccinated, uninfected), COVID-19–recovered vaccinees (recovered, vaccinated), and individuals with breakthrough Delta or Omicron BA.2 infections (vaccinated, infected). Saliva from COVID-19–recovered vaccinees displayed improved antibody-neutralizing activity, Fcγ receptor (FcγR) engagement, and IgA levels compared with COVID-19–uninfected vaccinees. Furthermore, repeated mRNA vaccination boosted SARS-CoV-2–specific IgG2 and IgG4 responses in both mucosa biofluids (saliva and tears) and plasma; however, these rises only negatively correlated with FcγR engagement in plasma. IgG and FcγR engagement, but not IgA, responses to breakthrough COVID-19 variants were dampened and narrowed by increased preexisting vaccine-induced immunity against the ancestral strain. Salivary antibodies delayed initiation following breakthrough COVID-19 infection, especially Omicron BA.2, but rose rapidly thereafter. Importantly, salivary antibody FcγR engagements were enhanced following breakthrough infections. Our data highlight how preexisting immunity shapes mucosal SARS-CoV-2–specific antibody responses and has implications for long-term protection from COVID-19.

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“…Higher levels of salivary antibodies, especially anti-RBD secretory IgA, are associated with protection against breakthrough COVID-19 [3]. Indeed, neutralizing IgA is detected in convalescent COVID-19 individuals, and can recognize a range of RBD mutations [30, 31]. We, and others have previously shown that current IM COVID-19 vaccinations are inefficient in inducing mucosal IgA responses in vaccinated only individuals [1, 5, 6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lasting first impression: Pre-existing immunity restricts mucosal antibody responses during Omicron breakthrough

Selva

Ramanathan

Haycroft

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Understanding mucosal antibody responses from SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or vaccination is crucial to develop strategies for longer term immunity, especially against emerging viral variants. We profiled serial paired mucosal and plasma antibodies from: COVID-19 vaccinated only vaccinees (vaccinated, uninfected), COVID-19 recovered vaccinees (convalescent, vaccinated) and individuals with breakthrough Delta or Omicron BA.2 infections (vaccinated, infected). Saliva from COVID-19 recovered vaccinees displayed improved antibody neutralizing activity, FcγR engagement and IgA compared to COVID-19 uninfected vaccinees. Furthermore, repeated mRNA vaccination boosted SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG2 and IgG4 responses in both mucosa biofluids (saliva and tears) and plasma. IgG, but not IgA, responses to breakthrough COVID-19 variants were dampened and narrowed by increased pre-existing vaccine-induced immunity to the ancestral strain. Salivary antibodies delayed initiation of boosting following breakthrough COVID-19 infection, especially Omicron BA.2, however, rose rapidly thereafter. Our data highlight how pre-existing immunity shapes mucosal SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses and has implications for long-term protection from COVID-19.

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Heterologous SARS‐CoV‐2 IgA neutralising antibody responses in convalescent plasma

Cited by 7 publications

References 82 publications

Influenza vaccination as a prognostic factor of humoral IgA responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection

Influenza vaccination as a prognostic factor of humoral IgA responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection

Preexisting immunity restricts mucosal antibody recognition of SARS-CoV-2 and Fc profiles during breakthrough infections

Lasting first impression: Pre-existing immunity restricts mucosal antibody responses during Omicron breakthrough

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