Heterogeneous Skin Phantoms for Experimental Validation of Microwave-Based Diagnostic Tools

Abstract

Considerable exploration has been done in recent years to exploit the reported inherent dielectric contrast between healthy and malignant tissues for a range of medical applications. In particular, microwave technologies have been investigated towards new diagnostic medical tools. To assess the performance and detection capabilities of such systems, tissue-mimicking phantoms are designed for controlled laboratory experiments. We here report phantoms developed to dielectrically represent malign skin lesions such as liposarcoma and nonsyndromic multiple basal cell carcinoma. Further, in order to provide a range of anatomically realistic scenarios, and provide meaningful comparison between different phantoms, cancer-mimicking lesions are inserted into two different types of skin phantoms with varying tumor–skin geometries. These configurations were measured with a microwave dielectric probe (0.5–26.5 GHz), yielding insight into factors that could affect the performance of diagnostic and detection tools.

Free and bound sodium identification by skin dielectric properties separation algorithm of bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (spa-BIS) in human skin model

“…The idea of scoring is distinguishing between the free sodium score and bound sodium score in different concentrations. Removing the denominator of the proposed equation, equation (13), results in a significant free sodium score which is irrelevant to compare with the bound sodium score. The main objective is the scoring trend in different concentrations.…”

“…Hence, as a preliminary study for identification of free and bound sodium in skin, this study utilize skin phantom to provide a controlled experimental environment. Human skin model studies through phantoms [13] show the importance of understanding skin characteristics. Before going on to human research, developing a strict and well-respected testing system, including skin phantoms, accuracy targets, or biochemical probes, is essential to assess clinical modality [14].…”

“…NaClm NaCl [g] ing realistic scenarios[13], developing a skin phantom fabrication technique should be evaluated in several aspects. This study has assessed the various timedependent effects, water content variations, and agar content variations to understand the phantom dielectric properties characteristics in detail.…”

Breast Cancer Diagnosis By IoB Implanted Tag Design And Machine Learning

“…Hussein.J. Boparai, and M. Popović [10] have researched Phantom breasts used to collect the information. Different kinds of materials have been used to create breast phantoms.V.…”