Heterogeneous reaction of ozone with syringic acid: Uptake of O3 and changes in the composition and optical property of syringic acid

Ionic Strength Effect Triggers Brown Carbon Formation through Heterogeneous Ozone Processing of Ortho-Vanillin

“…[8][9][10] The photodegradation and the reactions of methoxyphenols with atmospherically relevant oxidants, such as ozone (O 3 ), nitrate radicals (NO 3 ), chlorine atoms (Cl) and hydroxyl radicals (OH) have been extensively studied in the past. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] A study of photooxidation of vanillin in the presence of nitrite (NO 2 − ) at different pH values showed that nitrophenols are the major reaction products. 18 The ionic strength (I) in cloud droplets varies between 7.5×10 −5 and 7.5×10 −4 mol L −1 , 19 while in marine aerosols it can reach values of up to 6 mol L −1 .…”

“…28,33 The custom software was used to calculate all mathematically possible formulas for all ions with a signal-to-noise ratio above 10, using a mass tolerance of ±1ppm. The maximum number of atoms for the formula calculator was set to: 30 12 C, 60 1 H, 20 16 O, 3 14 N, 1 32 S, 1 13 C, 1 18 O and 1 34 S. 34,35 The aromaticity equivalent (X c ) has been suggested to use in order to improve the identification and characterization of aromatic and multi-core aromatic compounds. [36][37][38] Therefore, X c of the organic compounds, which contain C, H, O, and N in their chemical structures, was calculated as follows:…”

“…The photodegradation and the reactions of methoxyphenols with atmospherically relevant oxidants, such as ozone (O 3 ), nitrate radicals (NO 3 ), chlorine atoms (Cl), and hydroxyl radicals (OH) have been extensively studied in the past. − A study of photooxidation of vanillin in the presence of nitrite (NO 2 – ) at different pH values showed that nitrophenols are the major reaction products …”

Zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 as a dispersive solid phase extraction sorbent for simultaneous determination of 145 pesticide residues in polyphenol‐rich plants

“…However, the infrared absorption peak of ZIF‐8 was slightly changed after reaction probably due to the interaction between ZIF‐8 and the adsorbed polyphenols. After the reaction with polyphenols, the ‐OH stretching vibration at 3446.3 cm −1 was enhanced, which was attributed to phenolic ‐OH of polyphenols [25]. The C=N stretching vibration peak of 2‐imidazole at 1682.6 cm −1 was covered up by the benzene ring peak after reaction because the polyphenols contained a large amount of benzene rings [26].…”

Ionic Strength Effect Alters the Heterogeneous Ozone Oxidation of Methoxyphenols in Going from Cloud Droplets to Aerosol Deliquescent Particles

“…The obtained results seem to be consistent with those of a previous study focused on the heterogeneous reaction of O 3 with methoxyphenols. 15,62 The activation energy E A of the heterogeneous reaction between O 3 and ACS was estimated by applying the Arrhenius law to the data reported in Figure 5.…”