Heterogeneous liquid-base oxidation of cyclohexene with manganese dioxide as catalyst

Liquid-phase oxidation of cyclohexanone to dibasic acids with immobilized cobalt catalyst

“…It is believed that cyclohexanone oxidation in the homogeneous system proceeded through a free-radical mechanism, involving a number of reaction steps (Berezin et al, 1966; Onopchenko and Schulz, 1973;Hendry et al, 1976;Druline, 1978). Previous studies (Caloyannis and Graydon, 1971;Neuberg et al, 1972;Sadana and Katzer, 1974a;Sheldon and Kochi, 1981; Chou and Lee, 1985) have shown that heterogeneous catalytic oxidation systems have the same reaction mechanism as their homogeneous counterparts. The catalyst can accelerate the formation of free radical.…”

“…Oxidation of hydrocarbons in the liquid phase using heterogenized catalyst has become an interesting topic recently. Catalysts such as transition metal oxides, cation-exchanged zeolites, and transition-metal complexes with cross-linked polymer are also capable of catalyzing the liquid-phase hydrocarbon oxidation (Neuberg et al, 1972;Varma and Graydon, 1973;Sadana and Katzer, 1974a,b;Van Sickle and Prest, 1970;Efendiev et al, 1980; Chou and Lee, 1985; Kuo and Chou, 1987). The hetero- i-exclusively, only a trace amount of cytages of heterogeneous catalysts, such as the simplicity of recovery and regeneration, as well as those of homogeneous catalysts, such as high selectivity.…”

“…For example, transition-metal oxides are used for the oxidation of cyclohexene, phenol, p-xylene, acetic acid, cumene, etc. (Mukherjee and Graydon, 1967;Neuberg et al, 1972Neuberg et al, ,1974Neuberg et al, , 1975Varma and Graydon, 1973;Sadana and Katzer, 1974a,b;Srivastava and Srivastava, 1975; Levee and Smith, 1976; Hronec and Hrabe, 1986); cation-exchanged zeolites are used for the oxidation of butene and cyclopentene (Van Sickle and Prest, 1970); and cobalt-exchanged resins are used for the oxidation of acetaldehyde, benzoaldehyde, alkyl aromatics, etc. (Chou and Lee, 1985;Waller, 1986;Kuo, 1987).…”

Slurry reactor studies of homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions

“…Reactions often occur both homogeneously and with a heterogeneous catalyst. Examples are liquid-phase oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons using metal catalysts (Gould and Rado, 1969;Newberg et al, 1972;Taylor, 1970;Vreugdenhil, 1973). The homogeneous reaction may be thermal or catalytic.…”

Kinetic study on peroxidation of benzaldehyde by polymer‐immobilized cobalt‐EDTA complex

“…The chelated polymer, whose properties depended on the chelating properties of the ligand, has been employed for analysis, concentration, food extraction, separation and recycle of the noble metal in wastewater and seawater. When metal‐chelated polymer was used as a heterogeneous polymer support,7–14 it had high activity, high selectivity and recoverability. Simplifying the process of separation and purification and quality of the product would be better.…”