HETEROGENEOUS EXPRESSION OF TANDEM‐PORE K<sup>+</sup> CHANNEL GENES IN ADULT AND EMBRYONIC RAT HEART QUANTIFIED BY REAL‐TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION

Liu, W; Saint, DA

doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.2004.03964.x

Cited by 54 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In the rat, age-related differences were also observed; the expression was sparse in the embryonic heart, compared with the adult tissue (209). In addition, the channel was unevenly distributed across the wall of left ventricle.…”

Section: Mechanoelectrical Feedback In the Heartmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…In the adult rat, strong expression of TREK-1 has been found both in atrial (313) and ventricular (1,209,313,340) cardiomyocytes. Whereas the functional expression of TREK-1 in the ventricular myocardium of adult rat is unequivocal, it must also be mentioned that the level of TREK-1 expression depends on species, age, and location of the examined myocardial tissue.…”

Section: Mechanoelectrical Feedback In the Heartmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different K 2P channels are also expressed in cardiomyocytes and may function not only under resting conditions but also during the action potential. Expression of several members of the K 2P channel family (TWIK-1, TWIK-2, TASK-1, TASK-2, TASK-3, TREK-1, TREK-2, TRAAK, and KCNK6) has been demonstrated at the mRNA level in rat heart (209), and the functional significance of TREK-1 and TASK-1 has also been proposed.…”

Section: Mechanoelectrical Feedback In the Heartmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Background of Leak K⁺Currents: Two-Pore Domain Potassium Channels

Enyedi

Czirják

2010

Physiological Reviews

760

769

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Two-pore domain K+ (K2P) channels give rise to leak (also called background) K+ currents. The well-known role of background K+ currents is to stabilize the negative resting membrane potential and counterbalance depolarization. However, it has become apparent in the past decade (during the detailed examination of the cloned and corresponding native K2P channel types) that this primary hyperpolarizing action is not performed passively. The K2P channels are regulated by a wide variety of voltage-independent factors. Basic physicochemical parameters (e.g., pH, temperature, membrane stretch) and also several intracellular signaling pathways substantially and specifically modulate the different members of the six K2P channel subfamilies (TWIK, TREK, TASK, TALK, THIK, and TRESK). The deep implication in diverse physiological processes, the circumscribed expression pattern of the different channels, and the interesting pharmacological profile brought the K2P channel family into the spotlight. In this review, we focus on the physiological roles of K2P channels in the most extensively investigated cell types, with special emphasis on the molecular mechanisms of channel regulation.

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Section: Mechanoelectrical Feedback In the Heartmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Mechanoelectrical Feedback In the Heartmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanoelectrical Feedback In the Heartmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Background of Leak K⁺Currents: Two-Pore Domain Potassium Channels

Enyedi

Czirják

2010

Physiological Reviews

760

769

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“…The expression of K 2p channels can be regulated by biochemical and physical cues as well as activity (Enyeart et al, 2003;Holt et al, 2006;Kang et al, 2004;Li et al, 2005;Liu and Saint, 2004;Xu et al, 2004 andYeom et al, 2005). These channels could play a role in activitydependent synaptic plasticity, where intracellular signaling induced by changes in activity level can alter the properties of target neurons.…”

Section: Nih Public Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deafness associated changes in two-pore domain potassium channels in the rat inferior colliculus

et al. 2007

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Two-pore potassium channels can influence neuronal excitability by regulating background leakage of potassium ions and resting membrane potential. The present study used quantitative real time PCR and in situ hybridization to determine if the decreased activity from deafness would induce changes in two-pore potassium channel subunit expression in the rat inferior colliculus. Ten subunits were assessed with qRT-PCR at 3 days, 3 weeks and 3 months following bilateral cochlear ablation. TASK-1, TASK-5 and THIK-2 showed significant decreases in expression at all three times assessed. TASK-5, relatively specific to auditory neurons, had the greatest decrease. TWIK-1 was significantly decreased at 3 weeks and 3 months following deafness and TREK-2 was only significantly decreased at 3 days. TASK-3, TWIK-2, THIK-1, TRAAK and TREK-1 did not show any significant changes in gene expression. In situ hybridization was used to examine TASK-1, TASK-5, TWIK-1 and THIK-2 in the central nucleus, dorsal cortex and lateral (external) cortex of the IC in normal hearing animals and at 3 weeks following deafening. All four subunits showed expression in neurons throughout IC subdivisions in normal hearing rats, with TASK-5 having the greatest overall number of labeled neurons. There was no co-localization of subunit expression with GFAP immunostaining, indicating no expression in glia. Three weeks following deafening there was a significant decrease in the number of neurons expressing TASK-1 and THIK-2 in the IC, while TASK-5 had significant decreases in the central nucleus and dorsal cortex and TWIK-1 in the lateral and dorsal cortices. Two-pore potassium channels (K 2p ) are a class of open rectifying potassium selective channels (Ketchum et al., 1995) that, when activated, allow a background leakage of potassium ions that raises the resting membrane potential to hyperpolarizing levels, resulting in decreased neuronal excitability (see Lesage and Lazdunski, 2000;Goldstein et al., 2001;Patel and Honore, 2001; Plant et al., 2005 for reviews). There are, to date, 18 subunits in the K 2p channel family that have been divided into different classes based on what is know about their sensitivities. The TASK-1 (K 2p 3.1, KCNK3), TASK-3 (K 2p 9.1, KCNK9) and TWIK-1 (K 2p 1.1, KCNK1) subunits are widely expressed throughout the brain but have been reported to have only moderate expression in the auditory brain stem Talley et al., 2001). The TASK-5 (K 2p 15.1, KCNK15) subunit has a relatively selective expression, primarily found in Author for correspondence: Dr. Richard A. Altschuler, KHRI, Department of Otolaryngology, The University of Michigan, 1301 East Ann Street, Ann Arbor, MI, Tel: (734) Fax: (734) 764-0014, E-mail: E-mail: shuler@umich.edu. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof befo...

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“…The expression of two-pore domain K + channels has been shown to be influenced by activity as well as biochemical and physical cues (Enyeart et al, 2003;Kang et al, 2004;Li et al, 2005;Liu and Saint, 2004;Xu et al, 2004;Yeom et al, 2005). Therefore, these channels may play a role in synaptic plasticity, where activity-dependent signaling can alter the inherent excitability of target neurons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deafness associated changes in expression of two-pore domain potassium channels in the rat cochlear nucleus

et al. 2006

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Two-pore domain potassium channels ( ) play an important role in setting resting membrane potential by regulating background leakage of potassium ions, which in turn controls neuronal excitability. To determine whether these channels contribute to activity-dependent plasticity following deafness, we used quantitative real-time PCR to examine the expression of 10 subunits in the rat cochlear nucleus at 3 days, 3 weeks and 3 months after bilateral cochlear ablation. There was a large sustained decrease in the expression of TASK-5, a subunit that is predominantly expressed in auditory brain stem neurons, and in the TASK-1 subunit which is highly expressed in several types of cochlear nucleus neurons. TWIK-1 and THIK-2 also showed significant decreases in expression that were maintained across all time points. TWIK-2, TREK-1 and TREK-2 showed no significant change in expression at 3 days but showed large decreases at 3 weeks and 3 months following deafness. TRAAK and TASK-3 subunits showed significant decreases at 3 days and 3 weeks following deafness, but these differences were no longer significant at 3 months. Dramatic changes in expression of subunits suggest these channels may play a role in deafness-associated changes in the excitability of cochlear nucleus neurons.

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HETEROGENEOUS EXPRESSION OF TANDEM‐PORE K⁺ CHANNEL GENES IN ADULT AND EMBRYONIC RAT HEART QUANTIFIED BY REAL‐TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION

Cited by 54 publications

References 31 publications

Molecular Background of Leak K⁺Currents: Two-Pore Domain Potassium Channels

Molecular Background of Leak K⁺Currents: Two-Pore Domain Potassium Channels

Deafness associated changes in two-pore domain potassium channels in the rat inferior colliculus

Deafness associated changes in expression of two-pore domain potassium channels in the rat cochlear nucleus

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HETEROGENEOUS EXPRESSION OF TANDEM‐PORE K+ CHANNEL GENES IN ADULT AND EMBRYONIC RAT HEART QUANTIFIED BY REAL‐TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION

Cited by 54 publications

References 31 publications

Molecular Background of Leak K+Currents: Two-Pore Domain Potassium Channels

Molecular Background of Leak K+Currents: Two-Pore Domain Potassium Channels

Deafness associated changes in two-pore domain potassium channels in the rat inferior colliculus

Deafness associated changes in expression of two-pore domain potassium channels in the rat cochlear nucleus

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HETEROGENEOUS EXPRESSION OF TANDEM‐PORE K⁺ CHANNEL GENES IN ADULT AND EMBRYONIC RAT HEART QUANTIFIED BY REAL‐TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION

Molecular Background of Leak K⁺Currents: Two-Pore Domain Potassium Channels

Molecular Background of Leak K⁺Currents: Two-Pore Domain Potassium Channels