Heterogeneity of Latency Establishment in the Different Human CD4 ⁺ T Cell Subsets Stimulated with IL-15

Abstract

The formation of a latent reservoir is the main barrier to HIV cure. Here, we investigated how HIV latency is established in different CD4 + T cell subsets in the presence of IL-15, a cytokine that has been shown to efficiently induce latency reversal.

Immunomodulation with IL-7 and IL-15 in HIV-1 infection

“…Despite some latency reversal effect of plasma viremia by N-803, available data indicates that more effective latency reversal is needed to decrease the HIV-1 reservoir. 107 One interventional strategy to overcome reversal of latency is to pause ART during an ATI to let the virus rebound: Two clinical trials are testing this strategy with administration of N-803 in combination with two broadly neutralising antibodies (bNAbs) during suppressive ART and then conducting an ATI at a later time point (NCT04340596) or N-803 in combination with two bNAbs during suppressive ART, but administered 2 days prior to an ATI (NCT05245292) ( Fig. 2 ).…”