Heterogeneity of carbon fibre

Huson, Mickey G.; Church, Jeffrey S.; Kafi, Abdullah; Woodhead, Andrea L.; Khoo, Jiyi; Kiran, M. S. R. N.; Bradby, Jodie; Fox, Bronwyn

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2013.10.084

Cited by 87 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…24 However, in recent years it has become standard practise to extend the Dorris-Gray method to finite dilution systems like the ones in this work. 11,15,30,31 …”

Section: Inverse Gas Chromatography Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentiating Defect and Basal Plane Contributions to the Surface Energy of Graphite Using Inverse Gas Chromatography

et al. 2016

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Historically, reported values for the surface energy of graphite have covered a very wide range. Here we use finite-dilution inverse gas chromatography (FD-IGC) to show that the dispersive component of the surface energy of graphite has contributions from edge and basal plane defects as well as from the hexagonal carbon lattice. The surface energy associated with the defect-free hexagonal lattice is measured at high probe-coverage to be 63±7 mJ/m 2 , independent of graphite type. However, the surface energy measured at low probe coverage varied from 125-175 mJ/m 2 depending on the graphite type. Simulation of the FD-IGC output for different binding site distributions allows us to associate this low-coverage surface energy with the binding of probe molecules to high energy defect sites. Importantly, we find the rate of decay of surface energy with probe coverage to carry information about the defect density. By analysing the dependence of these properties on flake size, it is possible to separate out the contributions of edge and basal plane defects, estimating the basal plane defect content to be ~10 15 m -2 for all graphite samples. Comparison with simulation gives some

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“…24 However, in recent years it has become standard practise to extend the Dorris-Gray method to finite dilution systems like the ones in this work. 11,15,30,31 …”

Section: Inverse Gas Chromatography Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentiating Defect and Basal Plane Contributions to the Surface Energy of Graphite Using Inverse Gas Chromatography

et al. 2016

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“…Indeed, carbon bre tensile strength is dependent on its length [43]. More generally, the geometry of carbon bre plays an important role in its strength [44,45]. e higher is its length, the larger is the number of aws and thus the probability to nd a severe aw that leads to fracture of the bre.…”

Section: Single Fibre Mechanical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It only changes a little on account of the change in the number of laments in the tow that directly has a consequence on this interval value. is test is a repeatable way to generate large databases in a reasonable amount of time in order to take into account the heterogeneity of carbon bres that naturally leads to high scatter in tensile strength results [45] if only a small population is considered. In this study, bundle tensile test enabled to characterize mechanical properties of recycled carbon bres with a good precision.…”

Section: Single Fibre Mechanical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Characterization of Carbon Fibres Recycled by Steam Thermolysis: A Statistical Approach

Boulanghien

R’Mili

Bernhart

et al. 2018

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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is properly cited. e recent development of technologies for recycling carbon fibre reinforced plastics (CFRPs) leads to the need to evaluate the mechanical response of recycled carbon fibres. As these fibres are likely to be degraded during the recycling treatment, it is very important to determine their tensile residual properties so as to evaluate their ability as reinforcement for new composite materials. Carbon fibres reclaimed by a steam-thermal treatment applied to degrade the epoxy resin matrix of a CFRP are here analysed. Two conditions were chosen so as to reach two degradation efficiency levels of the steam thermolysis. Several carbon fibre samples were selected for mechanical testing carried out either on single filaments using single fibre tensile tests or on fibre tows using bundle tensile tests. It is shown that the single fibre tensile test leads to a wide variability of statistical parameters derived from the analysis. Bundle tensile tests results were able to indicate that fibre strength of recycled carbon fibre is similar to corresponding as-received carbon fibres thanks to a statistically relevant database. Wide number of tested filaments enabled indeed to obtain low scatters.

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“…Today approximately 95% of all carbon fiber uses polyacrylonitrile (PAN) as a precursor [10]. The high cost of carbon fiber production limits its widespread use.…”

Section: Lignin As a Carbon Fiber Precursormentioning

confidence: 99%

Kraft Lignin From Paper Mill Lignoboost Process - A Promise to Low Cost Green Carbon Fiber

Nunes¹,

Alves²,

Pardini³

2018

Proceedings of the 4th Brazilian Conference on Composite Materials

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The application of lignins in biodegradable/biobased materials is receiving increasing attention as the world looks for alternatives to petrochemicals. A new industrial method used to obtain higher purity and low cost lignin is now possible by the LignoBoost® process. The kraft lignin from this process has high carbon content level and opened a new research line for the production of products with high economic value like low cost carbon fiber. Kraft lignin is a paper mill waste with very low production costs that could open new possibilities for the lignin applications. In this work, three different types of lignin were compared with a regular carbon fiber precursor in order to verify their potential as alternative low cost precursor materials. The key aspect to be considered in the assessment of potential use of the material in the production of precursors is the carbon content level since it is the foremost constituent element of carbon-based materials. INTRODUCTIONThe use of biologically derived polymers (bio macromolecules) is emerging as an important component for economic development. By transforming forest and agricultural feedstock's, a new class of renewable, biodegradable and biocompatible materials (biomaterials) is being introduced [1,2]. Emerging applications for bio macromolecules range from packaging and industrial chemicals, to producing 'green' materials with unique physical and functional properties, the processes used to create bio-based materials lead to new manufacturing opportunities that minimize energy consumption and waste [1]. Recently, environmental concerns have sparked interest in utilizing biodegradable and bio-derived materials in various industrial fields. Particularly, the utilization of plant-derived materials such as agricultural residues and forest products has received increasing attention. Biomass based fuels have found renewed interest because of the rising cost of oil. Common sources of biomass include wood, agricultural crops and their residues. Although more research is being done on wood as a fuel, there is a growing interest in alternatives [2,4]. Particularly, lignin has gained interest as a source of fuel and new materials. The main reason for this trend is a growing concern for more sustainability, which results in an increased usage of renewable materials to replace petrochemicals [7]. Lignin is one of the most abundant bio macromolecules existing in the plant kingdom. An enormous amount of lignin is produced as a by-product of the pulp and paper industry. As a result, a number of systems have been proposed for the utilization of lignin as a renewable polymeric material. However, lignin utilization is still limited, with less than 2% of the lignin produced being used in high value commercial applications. Lignin is a relatively inexpensive and as a precursor for low cost carbon fibers could be very attractive. Lignin is a high molecular weight polyaromatic macromolecule with a reported total worldwide production of approximately 26 million tons/year. This ...

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Heterogeneity of carbon fibre

Cited by 87 publications

References 34 publications

Differentiating Defect and Basal Plane Contributions to the Surface Energy of Graphite Using Inverse Gas Chromatography

Differentiating Defect and Basal Plane Contributions to the Surface Energy of Graphite Using Inverse Gas Chromatography

Mechanical Characterization of Carbon Fibres Recycled by Steam Thermolysis: A Statistical Approach

Kraft Lignin From Paper Mill Lignoboost Process - A Promise to Low Cost Green Carbon Fiber

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