Heterodyne Detection by Miniature Neon Indicator Lamp Glow Discharge Detectors

Joseph, H.; Kopeika, Norman S.; Abramovich, Amir; Akram, A.; Levanon, Assaf; Rozban, Daniel

doi:10.1109/jsen.2010.2100094

Cited by 26 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…It was shown that the performance of GDDs is similar to that of pyro-electric detectors, with good Noise Equivalent Power (NEP) for a room temperature detector [5]. Down conversion based on heterodyne detection was demonstrated using the GDD at 10 GHz [14]. Furthermore, it was found that the GDD can be used as a pixel in diffraction limited THz Focal Plane Arrays [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Down-conversion detection in 300 GHz radiation using Glow Discharge Detector (GDD)

et al. 2012

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A miniature neon indicator lamp, also known as a Glow Discharge Detector (GDD), costing about 50 cents was found to be an excellent room temperature THz radiation detector. Down conversion detection using the GDD for 300 GHz radiation is demonstrated in this study. Previous results with the GDD at 10 GHz showed 40 times better sensitivity using down conversion detection compared to direct detection. Preliminary results at 300 GHz showed better sensitivity by at least one order of magnitude using down conversion compared to direct detection. This can be improved by increasing reference beam power.In order to realize a down-conversion set up we used two synchronized THz sources based on RF multipliers. The first is a 300 GHz source and the second is a 300 GHz+Δf source, where Δf stands for the frequency difference between the two sources. Using a beam splitter configuration we combine the two frequencies for Δf=20 kHz and directed them to the GDD. Due to the unique detection mechanism of the GDD and its linear response, the difference frequency Δf was detected by the electronics circuits. We anticipate significant improvement in detection performance for higher values of Δf due to lower detector noise at higher frequencies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Down-conversion detection in 300 GHz radiation using Glow Discharge Detector (GDD)

et al. 2012

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“…Application based MMW, as described above are well needed. Previous works of using very inexpensive Glow Discharge Detectors (GDD) in W-band were performed and presented [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. The GDD is a low-pressure miniature neon indicator lamp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The advantages of the GDD were described in detail in [12]. In the last few years small GDD arrays such as 8 × 8 FPA and an 18 × 2 scanner have been developed and tested, and found to yield very good MMW image quality despite the large size and dimensions of the lamps [12][13][14][15]. Recent results include the use of oversampling sub-pixel shifting to obtain high resolution images [12] on the order of 0.9 milliradians in special circumstances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feasibility of Radon projection acquisition for compressive imaging in MMW region based new video rate 16×16 GDD FPA camera

Levanon

Konstantinovsky

Kopeika

et al. 2015

Passive and Active Millimeter-Wave Imaging XVIII

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In this article we present preliminary results for the combination of two interesting fields in the last few years: 1) Compressed imaging (CI), which is a joint sensing and compressing process, that attempts to exploit the large redundancy in typical images in order to capture fewer samples than usual. 2) Millimeter Waves (MMW) imaging. MMW based imaging systems are required for a large variety of applications in many growing fields such as medical treatments, homeland security, concealed weapon detection, and space technology. Moreover, the possibility to create a reliable imaging in low visibility conditions such as heavy cloud, smoke, fog and sandstorms in the MMW region, generate high interest from military groups in order to be ready for new combat. The lack of inexpensive room temperature imaging sensors makes it difficult to provide a suitable MMW system for many of the above applications. A system based on Glow Discharge Detector (GDD) Focal Plane Arrays (FPA) can be very efficient in real timeimaging with significant results. The GDD is located in free space and it can detect MMW radiation almost isotropically. In this article, we present a new approach of reconstruction MMW imaging by rotation scanning of the target. The Collection process here, based on Radon projections allows implementation of the compressive sensing principles into the MMW region. Feasibility of concept was obtained as radon line imaging results. MMW imaging results with our resent sensor are also presented for the first time. The multiplexing frame rate of 16x16 GDD FPA permits real time video rate imaging of 30 frames per second and comprehensive MMW imaging. It uses commercial GDD lamps with diameter, Ne indicator lamps as pixel detectors. Combination of these two fields should make significant improvement in MMW region imaging research, and new various of possibilities in compressing sensing technique.

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“…FMCW advantages and disadvantages are described briefly in [4], and the two methods, FMCW and direct detection, are compared. Using very inexpensive GDDs in the W-band [5], the use of a receiving antenna is eliminated since the detection of the radiation and the beat frequency generation is performed directly by the GDD [6,7] acting as a mixer. A complete description of the GDD detection system that is used here to detect FMCW signals is described in detail in [5,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capability of long distance 100 GHz FMCW using a single GDD lamp sensor

et al. 2014

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Millimeter wave (MMW)-based imaging systems are required for applications in medicine, homeland security, concealed weapon detection, and space technology. The lack of inexpensive room temperature imaging sensors makes it difficult to provide a suitable MMW system for many of the above applications. A 3D MMW imaging system based on chirp radar was studied previously using a scanning imaging system of a single detector. The radar system requires that the millimeter wave detector will be able to operate as a heterodyne detector. Since the source of radiation is a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW), the detected signal as a result of heterodyne detection gives the object's depth information according to value of difference frequency, in addition to the reflectance of the 2D image. New experiments show the capability of long distance FMCW detection by using a large scale Cassegrain projection system, described first (to our knowledge) in this paper. The system presents the capability to employ a long distance of at least 20 m with a low-cost plasma-based glow discharge detector (GDD) focal plane array (FPA). Each point on the object corresponds to a point in the image and includes the distance information. This will enable relatively inexpensive 3D MMW imaging.

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Heterodyne Detection by Miniature Neon Indicator Lamp Glow Discharge Detectors

Cited by 26 publications

References 29 publications

Down-conversion detection in 300 GHz radiation using Glow Discharge Detector (GDD)

Down-conversion detection in 300 GHz radiation using Glow Discharge Detector (GDD)

Feasibility of Radon projection acquisition for compressive imaging in MMW region based new video rate 16×16 GDD FPA camera

Capability of long distance 100 GHz FMCW using a single GDD lamp sensor

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