Heterochrony in plant evolutionary studies through the twentieth century

Li, Ping; Johnston, Mark O.

doi:10.1007/bf02857782

Cited by 90 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 144 publications

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“…Even when pollinators are present, the additional time necessary for outcrossing may mean the difference between some seed production and death before seeds are mature, with profound consequences for semelparous individuals. Populations, species, or races from extreme or more ephemeral habitats often grow to a smaller fi nal size and produce smaller fl owers due to developmental constraints associated with shortened growing seasons ( Diggle, 1992 ;Aarssen, 2000 ;Li and Johnston, 2000 ;Kudo, 2006 ). Because fl ower size usually indicates breeding system, with small fl owers associated with higher self-pollination rates (reviewed in Goodwillie et al, 2010 ), ephemeral habitats may select indirectly for self pollination ( Stebbins, 1957 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in the timing of autonomous selfing among populations that differ in flower size, time to reproductive maturity, and climate

Elle

Gillespie

Guindre‐Parker

et al. 2010

American J of Botany

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• Premise of the study: Early reproductive maturity is common in dry and ephemeral habitats and often associated with smaller fl owers with increased potential for within-fl ower (autonomous) self-pollination. We investigated whether populations from locations that differ in moisture availability, known to vary for whole-plant development rate, also varied in the timing of autonomous selfi ng. This timing is of interest because the modes of selfi ng (prior, competing, and delayed) have different fi tness consequences.• Methods: We measured timing of anther dehiscence, stigma receptivity, and herkogamy under pollinator-free conditions for plants from three populations of Collinsia parvifl ora that differed in annual precipitation, fl ower size, and time to sexual maturity. Using a manipulative experiment, we determined potential seed production via prior, competing, and delayed autonomous selfi ng for each population.• Key results: Stigma receptivity, anther dehiscence, and selfi ng ability covaried with whole-plant development and climate.Plants from the driest site, which reached sexual maturity earliest, had receptive stigmas and dehiscent anthers in bud. Most seeds were produced via prior selfi ng. The population from the wettest site with slowest development was not receptive until after fl owers opened. Although competing selfi ng was possible, all selfi ng was delayed. The intermediate population was between these extremes, with signifi cant contributions from both competing and delayed selfi ng.• Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that within-species variation in the timing of selfi ng occurs and is related to both environmental conditions and whole-plant development rates. We suggest that, if these results can be generalized to other species, mating systems may evolve in response to ongoing climatic change.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in the timing of autonomous selfing among populations that differ in flower size, time to reproductive maturity, and climate

Elle

Gillespie

Guindre‐Parker

et al. 2010

American J of Botany

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“…La heterocronía es el mecanismo evo-devo más divulgado en la literatura botánica y paleobotánica (Li & Johnston, 2000). Las investigaciones sobre su rol en la evolución de las plantas se extienden desde el origen de grupos taxonómicos superiores a la diversificación específica dentro de un género.…”

Section: Estudios Evolutivos-del Desarrollo En Plantasunclassified

“…Debido al desarrollo indeterminado en plantas perennes, se generan nuevas hojas y flores en el cuerpo adulto, así como también los tallos, ramas y raíces siguen creciendo durante toda la vida; de este modo, puede no existir un punto final en las proporciones y el tamaño, provocando que la distinción entre el juvenil y el adulto sea ambigua (Raff & Wray, 1989;Niklas, 1994;Li & Johnston, 2000). Algunos órganos de las plantas (flores, frutos, y hojas) son, por separado, determinados en su crecimiento; siendo semi-independientes de la ontogenia de la planta completa.…”

Section: Particularidades De Los Trabajos Evo-devo En Plantas Fósilesunclassified

“…Este esquema ha sido empleado universalmente en las contribuciones acerca de los patrones evolutivos-del desarrollo, durante las décadas de 1980de , 1990de y 2000de (e.g., McKinney, 1988de , 1999Raff & Wray, 1989;Hall, 1992Hall, , 1999McNamara, 1995McNamara, , 1997Raff, 1996;Zelditch & Fink, 1996;Reilly et al, 1997;Klingenberg, 1998;Li & Johnston, 2000;Smith, 2001Smith, , 2002Smith, , 2003Zelditch, 2001).…”

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“…Las investigaciones sobre esta temáti-ca estuvieron dirigidas inicialmente a los sistemas animales, y la aplicación de sus principios a las plantas fue extendida con posterioridad (de Renzi, 1995;Li & Johnston, 2000;Friedman et al, 2004) En Paleontología, los procesos evo-devo pueden explicar la observación de cambios geológica-mente instantáneos en los linajes de seres vivos. Inversamente, el registro fósil proporciona el contexto para identificar las secuencias de cambios evolutivos (Sanders et al, 2007).…”

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Evolutionary developmental studies in fossil stems of Corystospermaceae

Bodnar¹

2012

MACN

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INTRODUCCIÓNLa Biología Evolutiva-del Desarrollo (EvoDevo) se encarga de examinar cómo las alteraciones de los procesos ontogenéticos, reguladas genéticamente, contribuyen al incremento de la diversidad biológica (Bateman & DiMichele, 1994Cronk, 2001;Harrison et al., 2002;Shepard & Purugganan, 2002;Smith, 2003;Friedman et al., 2004;Floyd & Bowman, 2007). Bateman Rev. Mus. Argentino Cienc. Nat., n.s. 14(1): 143-166, 2012 ISSN 1514 Abstract: Evolutionary developmental studies in fossil stems of Corystospermaceae. A methodological critera to study the development of permineralized stems is proposed, which is applied in the analysis of the evodevo patterns of Corystospermaceae axes, the most important Mesozoic seed fern family in gondwanic Triassic paleofloras. This group accounts for an excellent case study because their stems are preserved permineralized, showing cellular and histological details, and it is possible to examine their whole ontogeny in a single individual since the cells of the secondary xylem and phloem are produced in successive layers retaining permanently their position. In the ontogenetic studies of pteridosperms, regulating mechanisms of development must be discerned comparing with ontogenies of comparable living plants. This extrapolation is possible since it is known that regulating processes of secondary growth are homologous in all lygnophytes. Most of corystosperm axes present a dissected secondary vascular cylinder, and tissues with unusual development and position, which is caused by four classes of cambial deviations: 1-differential activity throughout the stem circumference; 2-remnant activity; 3-inverse or centripetal cambium; and 4 -successive inverse and/or normal cambia (poyxyly). The origin of these cambium deviations is intimately linked to heterotopic events, including neoheterotopy and homeosis. By comparison with living plant studies, it is theorized that homeotic genes implied with these events could be those related to the beginning of cambial activity, cell differentiation, and vascular bundle arrangement.Key words: Pteridosperms, Ontogeny, Heterotopy, Heterochrony, Trunks.Resumen: Se propone un criterio metodológico para estudiar el desarrollo de tallos permineralizados, aplicado en el análisis de los patrones evolutivos-del desarrollo de los ejes caulinares de las Corystospermaceae, familia de "pteridospermas" dominante en las paleofloras triásicas gondwánicas. Este grupo representa un excelente caso de estudio dado que sus tallos se preservan permineralizados, por lo que exhiben detalles celulares e histológicos, y, asimismo, su ontogenia entera puede ser examinada en un solo ejemplar debido a que las células del xilema y floema secundario son producidas en capas sucesivas que retienen su posición de manera permanente. En los estudios ontogenéticos de pteridospermas los mecanismos reguladores del desarrollo deben ser discernidos por medio de la comparación con ontogenias de plantas vivientes comparables. Esta extrapolación es posible ya que se sabe que los procesos ...

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A temporal shift in resource allocation facilitates flowering before leaf out and spring vessel maturation in precocious species

Savage

2019

American J of Botany

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Premise of the Study New growth in the spring requires resource mobilization in the vascular system at a time when xylem and phloem function are often reduced in seasonally cold climates. As a result, the timing of leaf out and/or flowering could depend on when the vascular system resumes normal function in the spring. This study investigated whether flowering time is influenced by vascular phenology in plants that flower precociously before they have leaves. Methods Flower, leaf, and vascular phenology were monitored in pairs of precocious and non‐precocious congeners. Differences in resource allocation were quantified by measuring bud dry mass and water content throughout the year, floral hydration was modelled, and a girdling treatment completed on branches in the field. Key Results Precocious flowering species invested more in floral buds the year before flowering than did their non‐precocious congeners, thus mobilizing less water in the spring, which allowed flowering before new vessel maturation. Conclusions A shift in the timing of resource allocation in precocious flowering plants allowed them to flower before the production of mature vessels and minimized the significance of seasonal changes in vascular function to their flowering phenology. The low investment required to complete floral development in the spring when the plant vascular system is often compromised could explain why flowers can emerge before leaf out.

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Heterochrony in plant evolutionary studies through the twentieth century

Cited by 90 publications

References 144 publications

Variation in the timing of autonomous selfing among populations that differ in flower size, time to reproductive maturity, and climate

Variation in the timing of autonomous selfing among populations that differ in flower size, time to reproductive maturity, and climate

Evolutionary developmental studies in fossil stems of Corystospermaceae

A temporal shift in resource allocation facilitates flowering before leaf out and spring vessel maturation in precocious species

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