Heterochromatin and the organisation of nucleoli in plants

Cour, L. F. La

doi:10.1038/hdy.1951.2

Cited by 89 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…These ni-e ltnown as cl~romocentres, and it has been shown ( Ida Cour, 1951) that they correspond to the heterochromatic regions observable at prophase and metaphase in certain plant species. T h e maximum number of blocks of condensed chromatin seen in interphase nuclei of H. grncilis was not c q~~a l to the number of heterochromatic segments observed at mitosis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

DISTRIBUTION OF HETEROCHROMATIN IN THE CHROMOSOMES OFHAPLOPAPPUS GRACILIS

Ames¹,

Mitra²

1968

Can. J. Genet. Cytol.

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Several approaohes wcre employed to study the distribution of hetcrochromatin in root tip chromoson~es of Hnplopnppzu gmczlis. Cold treatment and prerrcahncnt in an aqucous solution of 8-liydrosyquinolinc revealed achromatic paps in metaphase chromosomes. Cold treatment also permitted thc demonstra- 3.tlon of positive heteropycnosis in prophase chrolnosonies. Further support for the identification of hetcrochromatic sxgnents was probided by a study of the localization of chromosome aberrations induced by malelc hydrazide and an analysis of the pattern of D N A synthesis in chromosomes of root tip cells. Seven of the tell regions that were preferentially broltcn by ~naleic hydrazide also reacted differentially to cold treatment or to pretreatment with 8-hydroryquinoline. A good corrclntion was found betwccn regions that completed D N A replication late in the DNA-synahetic pcriod and segments that werc slio\vn t o be hetcrochromatic by the other techniques.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

DISTRIBUTION OF HETEROCHROMATIN IN THE CHROMOSOMES OFHAPLOPAPPUS GRACILIS

Ames¹,

Mitra²

1968

Can. J. Genet. Cytol.

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“…Until recently, the lack of high-resolution techniques made structural studies of the nucleus extremely difficult. Nevertheless, chromatin condensation as seen in heterochromatin, reflecting, chromosomal architecture, could be viewed as the first described epigenetic mark [7,8]. Recently, it became possible to study chromosomal architecture in more detail, on both a global and a local scale, for instance with respect to physical interactions between enhancers and promoters [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of chromosomal architecture in Arabidopsis by chromosome conformation capture

et al. 2013

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BackgroundThe packaging of long chromatin fibers in the nucleus poses a major challenge, as it must fulfill both physical and functional requirements. Until recently, insights into the chromosomal architecture of plants were mainly provided by cytogenetic studies. Complementary to these analyses, chromosome conformation capture technologies promise to refine and improve our view on chromosomal architecture and to provide a more generalized description of nuclear organization.ResultsEmploying circular chromosome conformation capture, this study describes chromosomal architecture in Arabidopsis nuclei from a genome-wide perspective. Surprisingly, the linear organization of chromosomes is reflected in the genome-wide interactome. In addition, we study the interplay of the interactome and epigenetic marks and report that the heterochromatic knob on the short arm of chromosome 4 maintains a pericentromere-like interaction profile and interactome despite its euchromatic surrounding.ConclusionDespite the extreme condensation that is necessary to pack the chromosomes into the nucleus, the Arabidopsis genome appears to be packed in a predictive manner, according to the following criteria: heterochromatin and euchromatin represent two distinct interactomes; interactions between chromosomes correlate with the linear position on the chromosome arm; and distal chromosome regions have a higher potential to interact with other chromosomes.

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“…Therefore, it seems probable that the V. f aba heterochromatin has been revealed by various cytological techniques. Cold treatment of plants brings about the appearance of two unstained bands near the' centromere, one in the nucleolar arm and another in the long arm of one metacentric (M) chromosome in a genomic set of six chromosomes (LaCour 1951;Mcleish 1953). The so-called H-segment has been described also for a member of five subtelocentric (S) chromosomes as an irregularly appearing unstained constriction in the median region of the long arm (LaCour 1951).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytological localization of highly repeated DNA sequences, the FokI sequence family and BamHI sequence families, in Vica faba chromosomes.

Yakura

Kato

Tanifuji

1987

The Japanese journal of genetics

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Cytological localization of one of the highly repeated DNA sequences of Vicia faba, the FokI repeat sequence family, was determined by in situ hybridization. This sequence family was described in our previous paper (Kato et al. 1984) as tandem arrays of 59 by unit sequences. The distribution pattern of silver grains showed that the FokI family sequences are exclusively localized in certain median regions in the long arms of all five pairs of the subtelocentric (S) chromosomes, but are not found in any portions in the metacentric (M) chromosomes. These median regions in the S long arms correspond closely to the positions of C-band heterochromatin revealed by preferential Giemsa staining. Since M chromosomes also possess C-bands, the absence of the FokI repeat sequences in the M chromosomes indicates that V. faba C-band heterochromatin consists of at least two different DNA sequences.V. faba chromosomes also contain other repetitive sequences , which have been characterized as the 250, 850, 900, 990, 1150, 1500 and 1750 by BamHI sequence families (Kato et al. 1985). In situ hybridization with nicktranslated 250 and 1500 by BamHI family sequences indicated that these repeated sequences are generally spread all over the chromosomes .

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Heterochromatin and the organisation of nucleoli in plants

Cited by 89 publications

References 21 publications

DISTRIBUTION OF HETEROCHROMATIN IN THE CHROMOSOMES OFHAPLOPAPPUS GRACILIS

DISTRIBUTION OF HETEROCHROMATIN IN THE CHROMOSOMES OFHAPLOPAPPUS GRACILIS

Characterization of chromosomal architecture in Arabidopsis by chromosome conformation capture

Cytological localization of highly repeated DNA sequences, the FokI sequence family and BamHI sequence families, in Vica faba chromosomes.

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