Heteroatoms co-doped copper nanocrystals with negatively shifted d-band center for selective nitrate-to-ammonia production

A robust Ni single-atom catalyst for industrial current and exceptional selectivity in electrochemical CO2 reduction to CO

“…To shed light on the excellent ECR activity of Ni-N-HCNs-5h, the electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) of the catalysts was estimated using the double-layer capacitance (C dl ) method to study their available surface area during the electrocatalytic process. 53,54 As shown in Fig. S29a-S29c, † the C dl of Ni-N-HCNs-5h is 19.51 mF cm −2 , 1.4 times higher than that of Ni-N-HCNs (C dl = 13.84 mF cm −2 ).…”

Cu-based catalysts for electrocatalytic nitrate reduction to ammonia: fundamentals and recent advances

“…139 The results of IC should be quantitively close to those of UV-vis, thus confirming the accuracy and reliability of both methods. 134…”

“…Therefore, the products of NO 3 RR and ammonia yield could not be analyzed precisely and quantitively in this way. 134 Considering the evaluation of selectivity, product detection methods, especially for ammonia detection, are indispensable. As a critical metric for ammonia production, on one hand, Faraday efficiency (FE) describes the efficiency with which electrons are utilized in the system to facilitate NO 3 RR.…”

“…139 The results of IC should be quantitively close to those of UV-vis, thus confirming the accuracy and reliability of both methods. 134 Although the common methods can detect ammonia concentration with relative accuracy, an isotopic labeling experiment using 1 H NMR is prominent in determining the N-source of the product. Zhao et al introduced the atomically dispersed bimetallic Fe-Co electrocatalysts for electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction to ammonia with an extraordinary Faradaic efficiency of 79.0 AE 3.8%.…”