Het berekenen van benodigde formatie

Berrevoets, Leo; Winasti, Windi

doi:10.1007/978-90-368-2567-2_17

Cited by 1 publication

(3 citation statements)

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“…For instance, subsidies and indirect initiatives are combined with purchasing cost under "Purchasing cost", and Registration fee, BPM tax, Road tax, and APK inspection are gathered under "Ownership (+ APK)". For a detailed calculation of purchasing and annual ownership costs, see Appendix C. Sources-RDW [105], Belastingdienst [95,[106][107][108][109], RVO [110][111][112], Renault.nl [78], Japan-times.co.jp [81], Eurostat [113], Autodijk.nl [114], Unitedconsumers.com [115], Lebeau et al, 2019 [65].…”

Section: Tco Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With an initial purchasing price of EUR 30,000, Neolix has a very high potential for LMD implementation solely from a cost perspective. Sources-RDW [105], Belastingdienst [95,[106][107][108][109], RVO [110][111][112], Renault.nl [78], Japantimes.co.jp [81], Eurostat [113], Autodijk.nl [114], Unitedconsumers.com [115], Lebeau et al, 2019 [65].…”

Section: Tco Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Road (motor vehicle) tax is an annual fee for the use of a vehicle that depends on weight, fuel type, level of pollution caused by a vehicle, and province. According to Belastingdienst.nl (2021) [108] conventional diesel vehicles for business use with an "Empty vehicle mass" of 2051-2150 kg should pay EUR 142 every three months, while electric vehicles are exempt from this tax until 2024. Then, in 2025, there will be a 75% tax discount, and from 2026, the full rate of tax should be paid again.…”

Section: Institutionalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficiency in the Last Mile of Autonomous Ground Vehicles with Lockers: From Conventional to Renewable Energy Transport

Levkovych,

Saraceni

2023

Sustainability

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This research aims to compare autonomous ground vehicles with conventional and electric vans on the basis of associated vehicle costs and benefits related to their use, taking into account economic feasibility. Cost per vehicle kilometre is derived using the total cost of ownership method adjusted with the inclusion of labour costs and the impact of solar panel application on fuel efficiency while travel time-related and capacity occupations and reliability benefits serve as a basis for the total possible number of parcels delivered. The results show that, under the current structural and infrastructural conditions of urban delivery, the experimental model can be potentially successful in terms of cost per kilometre (0.133/km) but not as effective in terms of the total possible number of parcels delivered. This study defines autonomous ground vehicles with lockers as an innovative last mile solution and contributes to the academic literature by investigating the concept’s efficiency competitiveness.

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Section: Tco Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tco Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Institutionalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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