Hes1 regulates formations of the hypophyseal pars tuberalis and the hypothalamus

Akimoto, Minekatsu; Nishimaki, Toshiyuki; Arai, Yuta; Uchinuma, Eiju; Yamauchi, Hiroshi; Kameda, Yoko

doi:10.1007/s00441-010-0951-2

Cited by 20 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…We observed only obscure signals in Rathke's pouch at E13.5 and only in the medial part (Fig. 4b, arrow), consistent with a previous report (Akimoto et al 2010). By E14.5, distinct ACTH-positive cells were verified in the presumptive anterior lobe but not in the presumptive intermediate lobe (Fig.…”

Section: Emergence Of Corticotropesupporting

confidence: 93%

Three-dimensional studies of Prop1-expressing cells in the rat pituitary primordium of Rathke's pouch

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pituitary embryonic development progresses daily toward terminal differentiation exhibiting quantitative and qualitative alterations regulated by signal molecules and transcription factors expressed under temporospatial control. In this study, we analyzed the heterogeneity of the cells in the pituitary primordium of embryonic day (E) 13.5. The three-dimensional structure of the Rathke's pouch was built up from measurements taken from multiple DAPI-stained sections and cell populations positive to stem/progenitor marker SOX2 and pituitary-specific transcription factor PROP1 were analyzed. The pituitary primordium (Rathke's pouch) of E13.5 showed a flattened discoid shape of about 500 μm in diameter and 200 μm depth in a dorsoventral axis and consisted in about 5,800 cells. Immunohistochemistry revealed that 0.3% of the cells in Rathke's pouch were SOX2-negative in the lateral region, whereas all cells at E12.5 were SOX2-positive. On E13.5, the shape and size of their nuclei showed a location-specific divergence: ellipsoid morphology in the median region and round morphology in the lateral region. Moreover, on E14.5, adrenocorticotropic-hormone-positive cells (the first hormone-producing cells appearing in the pituitary) contained round nuclei. These data suggest that differentiation to pituitary-hormone-producing cells from SOX2-negative cells starts in the lateral region between E12.5 and E13.5 and that the onset of differentiation is preceded by a change in nuclear shape.

show abstract

Section: Emergence Of Corticotropesupporting

confidence: 93%

Three-dimensional studies of Prop1-expressing cells in the rat pituitary primordium of Rathke's pouch

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The hypothalamus comprises of complex networked sets of nuclei that regulate homeostatic function through production and delivery of neuropeptide to distinct targets (Swanson and Sawchenko, 1983). A specific group of hypothalamic neurons, which are located in the arcuate nucleus (Arc), integrate peripheral signals and project to other brain regions in order to regulate energy balance and body size (Akimoto et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Notch/Rbpjκ signaling regulates progenitor maintenance and differentiation of hypothalamic arcuate neurons

Aujla

Naratadam

et al. 2013

Development

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYThe hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (Arc), containing pro-opoiomelanocortin (POMC), neuropeptide Y (NPY) and growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) neurons, regulates feeding, energy balance and body size. Dysregulation of this homeostatic mediator underlies diseases ranging from growth failure to obesity. Despite considerable investigation regarding the function of Arc neurons, mechanisms governing their development remain unclear. Notch signaling factors such as Hes1 and Mash1 are present in hypothalamic progenitors that give rise to Arc neurons. However, how Notch signaling controls these progenitor populations is unknown. To elucidate the role of Notch signaling in Arc development, we analyzed conditional loss-of-function mice lacking a necessary Notch co-factor, Rbpjκ, in Nkx2.1-cre-expressing cells (Rbpjκ cKO), as well as mice with expression of the constitutively active Notch1 intracellular domain (NICD) in Nkx2.1-cre-expressing cells (NICD Tg). We found that loss of Rbpjκ results in absence of Hes1 but not of Hes5 within the primordial Arc at E13.5. Additionally, Mash1 expression is increased, coincident with increased proliferation and accumulation of Arc neurons at E13.5. At E18.5, Rbpjκ cKO mice have few progenitors and show increased numbers of differentiated Pomc, NPY and Ghrh neurons. By contrast, NICD Tg mice have increased hypothalamic progenitors, show an absence of differentiated Arc neurons and aberrant glial differentiation at E18.5. Subsequently, both Rbpjκ cKO and NICD Tg mice have changes in growth and body size during postnatal development. Taken together, our results demonstrate that Notch/Rbpjκ signaling regulates the generation and differentiation of Arc neurons, which contribute to homeostatic regulation of body size. KEY WORDS: Arcuate, Notch, POMC, NPY, Hypothalamus, MouseNotch/Rbpjκ signaling regulates progenitor maintenance and differentiation of hypothalamic arcuate neurons Paven K. Aujla, George T. Naratadam, Liwen Xu and Lori T. Raetzman* DEVELOPMENT 3512During embryonic development, cells migrate from the hypothalamic ventricular zone (HVZ) surrounding the ventral region of the third ventricle in order to form the Arc by E16.5 (Bayer and Altman, 1987;Ishii and Bouret, 2012;Shimada and Nakamura, 1973). One of the major functions of the Arc is to respond to food intake and energy expenditure. Energy-related hormone signals such as leptin are sensed by anorexic proopoiomelanocortin (POMC)/cocaine and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) neurons and orexic neuropeptide Y (NPY)/Agouti-related peptide (AgRP) neurons. POMC and NPY neurons regulate feeding behavior and are crucial to maintaining proper energy balance and homeostasis (Broberger, 2005;Morton et al., 2006;Srinivas et al., 2001). An additional subtype of neurons, growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) neurons, are present in the Arc and regulate body size and growth by controlling release of growth hormone from the pituitary gland (Bouyer et al., 2007; Grossman et al., 1986).Despite the functional importance of ...

show abstract

“…The formation of the PT has recently been shown to involve the bHLH transcription factor Hes1 (hairy enhancer of split), indeed the anterior pituitary of Hes1 –/– mice is only represented by the PD with the PT failing to develop from the primordium [21]. Moreover, the pituitary specific transcription factor, Pit-1, is not expressed in the PT-specific cells [22,23,24].…”

Section: Pt a Melatonin Target Tissue To Control Photoperiodic Respomentioning

confidence: 99%

Encoding and Decoding Photoperiod in the Mammalian Pars Tuberalis

Dupré¹

2011

Neuroendocrinology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In mammals, the nocturnal melatonin signal is well established as a key hormonal indicator of seasonal changes in day-length, providing the brain with an internal representation of the external photoperiod. The pars tuberalis (PT) of the pituitary gland is the major site of expression of the G-coupled receptor MT1 in the brain and is considered as the main site of integration of the photoperiodic melatonin signal. Recent studies have revealed how the photoperiodic melatonin signal is encoded and conveyed by the PT to the brain and the pituitary, but much remains to be resolved. The development of new animal models and techniques such as cDNA arrays or high throughput sequencing has recently shed the light onto the regulatory networks that might be involved. This review considers the current understanding of the mechanisms driving photoperiodism in the mammalian PT with a particular focus on the seasonal prolactin secretion.

show abstract

Hes1 regulates formations of the hypophyseal pars tuberalis and the hypothalamus

Cited by 20 publications

References 45 publications

Three-dimensional studies of Prop1-expressing cells in the rat pituitary primordium of Rathke's pouch

Three-dimensional studies of Prop1-expressing cells in the rat pituitary primordium of Rathke's pouch

Notch/Rbpjκ signaling regulates progenitor maintenance and differentiation of hypothalamic arcuate neurons

Encoding and Decoding Photoperiod in the Mammalian Pars Tuberalis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About