Herpesvirus Regulation of Selective Autophagy

Vo, Mai-Tram; Choi, Young Bong

doi:10.3390/v13050820

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 129 publications

(133 reference statements)

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“…Selective autophagy of intracellular pathogens is called xenophagy, while that of virions or viral components is known as virophagy ( Yla-Anttila, 2021 ). Selective autophagy depends on receptor recognition of cargo and the initiation of autophagosome formation ( Huang et al., 2020 ; Vo and Choi, 2021 ). Substrate ubiquitination is often a key intermediary step in the recognition and degradation of these cargoes.…”

Section: Autophagy Machinerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Clearance or Hijack: Universal Interplay Mechanisms Between Viruses and Host Autophagy From Plants to Animals

Luo

Ren

2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Viruses typically hijack the cellular machinery of their hosts for successful infection and replication, while the hosts protect themselves against viral invasion through a variety of defense responses, including autophagy, an evolutionarily ancient catabolic pathway conserved from plants to animals. Double-membrane vesicles called autophagosomes transport trapped viral cargo to lysosomes or vacuoles for degradation. However, during an ongoing evolutionary arms race, viruses have acquired a strong ability to disrupt or even exploit the autophagy machinery of their hosts for successful invasion. In this review, we analyze the universal role of autophagy in antiviral defenses in animals and plants and summarize how viruses evade host immune responses by disrupting and manipulating host autophagy. The review provides novel insights into the role of autophagy in virus–host interactions and offers potential targets for the prevention and control of viral infection in both plants and animals.

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Section: Autophagy Machinerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Clearance or Hijack: Universal Interplay Mechanisms Between Viruses and Host Autophagy From Plants to Animals

Luo

Ren

2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…According to the category of degradative substrates, autophagy can be divided into several specific subsets, including mitophagy for mitochondria, aggrephagy for aggregated proteins, nucleophagy for nucleus, ferritinophagy for ferritin, and lipophagy for lipid droplets ( Stolz et al, 2014 ; Kirkin, 2020 ). In order to ensure efficient replication, viruses employ and even activate certain forms of organelles-specific autophagy ( Vo and Choi, 2021 , Table 2 ).…”

Section: Viral Modulation Of Organelles-specific Selective Autophagy ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, viruses could promote selective autophagy of key molecules in interferon (IFN) pathway to evade host antiviral innate responses. Viruses could also take advantages of specific types of selective autophagy to enhance viral replication ( Choi et al, 2018 ; Viret et al, 2021 ; Vo and Choi, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting Selective Autophagy as a Therapeutic Strategy for Viral Infectious Diseases

Zhou

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved lysosomal degradation system which can recycle multiple cytoplasmic components under both physiological and stressful conditions. Autophagy could be highly selective to deliver different cargoes or substrates, including protein aggregates, pathogenic proteins or superfluous organelles to lysosome using a series of cargo receptor proteins. During viral invasion, cargo receptors selectively target pathogenic components to autolysosome to defense against infection. However, viruses not only evolve different strategies to counteract and escape selective autophagy, but also utilize selective autophagy to restrict antiviral responses to expedite viral replication. Furthermore, several viruses could activate certain forms of selective autophagy, including mitophagy, lipophagy, aggrephagy, and ferritinophagy, for more effective infection and replication. The complicated relationship between selective autophagy and viral infection indicates that selective autophagy may provide potential therapeutic targets for human infectious diseases. In this review, we will summarize the recent progress on the interplay between selective autophagy and host antiviral defense, aiming to arouse the importance of modulating selective autophagy as future therapies toward viral infectious diseases.

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“…Hosts infected with the virus use apoptosis to remove infected cells and prevent the spread of the infection, but the virus avoids apoptosis via mitophagy in various ways (Vo et al, 2021). Herpes simplex uses amino terminally truncated isoform UL12.5 (which gives mitochondria directivity by truncation) of alkali endonuclease UL12 involved in replication to eliminate host mtDNA and prevent apoptosis (Safran et al, 2007).…”

Section: Eri15mentioning

confidence: 99%

On The Origin of Speciation

Hayashida¹

2022

Preprint

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Charles Darwin proposed the theory of evolution that natural selection leads to the evolution of organisms in "On the Origin of Species”, but did not show the mechanism by which new species differentiate and fix. Speciation requires a system in which genes are not mixed by interspecific hybridization, and reproductive isolation, especially postmating reproductive isolation, is considered to be the most reliable as guarantee. Haldane proposed that heterogametic sex was absent, rare or sterile in interspecific hybrid F1. Dobzhansky and Muller predicted that postmating reproductive isolation occurs when mutations occurring at two or more interacting loci exhibit incompatibility in the hybrid. Genes that satisfy these observation and prediction are considered speciation genes. Here, I would like to review the findings on reproductive isolation and speciation to consider the candidate conditions for the speciation genes, and present the genes that fit these conditions.

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Herpesvirus Regulation of Selective Autophagy

Cited by 7 publications

References 129 publications

Clearance or Hijack: Universal Interplay Mechanisms Between Viruses and Host Autophagy From Plants to Animals

Clearance or Hijack: Universal Interplay Mechanisms Between Viruses and Host Autophagy From Plants to Animals

Targeting Selective Autophagy as a Therapeutic Strategy for Viral Infectious Diseases

On The Origin of Speciation

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