Herpes simplex virus proteins are damaged following photodynamic inactivation with phthalocyanines

Smetana, Zehava; Ben‐Hur, E.; Mendelson, Ella; Salzberg, Samuel; Wagner, Pnina; Malik, Zvi

doi:10.1016/s1011-1344(98)00124-9

Cited by 60 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…For instance, in addition to direct activity on cell-free virus, prior treatment of cells with phthalocyanines, at concentrations that do not provoke significant cytotoxicity, will generate non-permissive conditions for virus replication (Horowitz et al 1991;Smetana et al 1994Smetana et al , 1998. Moreover, interestingly, cells infected with HSV-1, HSV-2 and VZV are gradually resistant to delayed treatment with cationic and amphiphilic phthalocyanines (up to 30-60 min after the addition of a virus), whereas amphiphilic dyes have prolonged activity (up to 3 h) probably due to their ability to penetrate cell membranes more readily (Smetana et al 1994).…”

Section: Antiviral Pact and Phthalocyaninesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, interestingly, cells infected with HSV-1, HSV-2 and VZV are gradually resistant to delayed treatment with cationic and amphiphilic phthalocyanines (up to 30-60 min after the addition of a virus), whereas amphiphilic dyes have prolonged activity (up to 3 h) probably due to their ability to penetrate cell membranes more readily (Smetana et al 1994). The antiviral activity can be explained by photoactivated damage to endosomes early in the infection, along with damage to envelope proteins (Smetana et al 1998). On the other hand, cells treated prior to infection with different phthalocyanine derivatives, including CuPcS4, ZnPc(3-OPy)4 and ZnPc(3-MeO-Py)4, were completely refractory to non-enveloped Rhinovirus type 5(RV5) at non-toxic concentrations, and at the same time the compound was ineffective against a cell-free virus, which might indicate an undetermined intrinsic antiviral mechanism (Gaspard et al 1995).…”

Section: Antiviral Pact and Phthalocyaninesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Porphyrin-based cationic amphiphilic photosensitisers as potential anticancer, antimicrobial and immunosuppressive agents

2017

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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) combines a photosensitiser, light and molecular oxygen to induce oxidative stress that can be used to kill pathogens, cancer cells and other highly proliferative cells. There is a growing number of clinically approved photosensitisers and applications of PDT, whose main advantages include the possibility of selective targeting, localised action and stimulation of the immune responses. Further improvements and broader use of PDT could be accomplished by designing new photosensitisers with increased selectivity and bioavailability. Porphyrin-based photosensitisers with amphiphilic properties, bearing one or more positive charges, are an effective tool in PDT against cancers, microbial infections and, most recently, autoimmune skin disorders. The aim of the review is to present some of the recent examples of the applications and research that employ this specific group of photosensitisers. Furthermore, we will highlight the link between their structural characteristics and PDT efficiency, which will be helpful as guidelines for rational design and evaluation of new PSs.

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Section: Antiviral Pact and Phthalocyaninesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Antiviral Pact and Phthalocyaninesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porphyrin-based cationic amphiphilic photosensitisers as potential anticancer, antimicrobial and immunosuppressive agents

2017

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“…The concentration-response curves were generated as shown in Figure 1. No lethality was observed for SF1 at the highest soluble concentration (2000 mM), and 50% lethality was not reached; LC 50 was not determined.…”

Section: Determination Of Lc 50mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Bestfit concentrationresponse curves were generated using MS EXCEL. Because the highest mortality observed was ~5%, LC 50 was not cal culated for either sensitizer.…”

Section: Lethality Curvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toxicity and Cytopathogenic Properties Toward Human Melanoma Cells of Activated Cancer Therapeutics in Zebra Fish

Lewis¹

2010

Integr Cancer Ther

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There is an increasing body of data showing that activated cancer therapy-the synergistic effect of "preloaded" molecules and a tuned energy source to produce cytopathogenic moieties-is a promising new modality for cancer treatment. The key activated therapies are photodynamic therapy (PDT), which involves the synergy between light and photosensitizer molecules, and ultrasound activated therapy (USAT; also referred to as sonodynamic therapy), which involves the synergy between ultrasound and sonosensitizer molecules. PDT is a well-known activated therapy with roots dating back to 1900. However, minimal data exist on USAT. One reason is the lack of suitable sonosensitizers for clinical USAT use. The authors present both LC 50 toxicity and cancer cell cytotoxicity studies on 2 dual activation agents. These compounds function as both sonosensitizers and photosensitizers, and are referred to as SonneLux agents, designated SF1 and SF2. The sensitizers are derived from chlorophyll and are metal centered porphyrins known to specifically accumulate in hyperproliferating tissue. LC 50 studies on both SF1 and SF2 as determined in zebra fish reveal that both are essentially nontoxic to zebra fish. In the worst case, 5% zebra fish death is noted at the maximum soluble concentration of the sensitizer. In the cytotoxicity studies, melanoma cell line WM-266-4, derived from a metastatic site of a malignant melanoma, was tested against SF1 and SF2. Both sensitizer systems showed marked efficacy in the destruction of the implanted melanoma cells. They show great promise for clinical use in the future.

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Modifications of Optical Properties of Blood during Photodynamic ReactionsIn vitroandIn vivo

Douplik

Stratonnikov

Zhernovaya

et al. 2011

Advanced Optical Flow Cytometry

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Herpes simplex virus proteins are damaged following photodynamic inactivation with phthalocyanines

Cited by 60 publications

References 25 publications

Porphyrin-based cationic amphiphilic photosensitisers as potential anticancer, antimicrobial and immunosuppressive agents

Porphyrin-based cationic amphiphilic photosensitisers as potential anticancer, antimicrobial and immunosuppressive agents

Toxicity and Cytopathogenic Properties Toward Human Melanoma Cells of Activated Cancer Therapeutics in Zebra Fish

Modifications of Optical Properties of Blood during Photodynamic ReactionsIn vitroandIn vivo

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