Heroin-Associated Nephropathy

What Do We Know about Opioids and the Kidney?

“…Heroin-associated nephropathy (HAN), which was thought to be a complication of intravenous heroin abuse, was initially recognized in the early 1970s. However, a subsequent decrease in incidence occurred toward the end of the 1989 despite an unchanged number of kidney failure incidents from other diseases like diabetes [ 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 ]. Analyses of surveillance records of the New York State Office of Alcoholism and Substance Abuse Services, along with reports from the New York City Department of Health, and the USA Department of Justice Drug Enforcement Administration, determined the pattern of change in use and purity of “street” heroin, and concluded that the contaminants used for chemical processing of the street heroin resulted in HAN [ 63 ].…”

Enfermedad renal crónica asociada a diacetilmorfina (heroína)

“…Los primeros informes de cambios renales secundarios al uso parenteral crónico de heroína, cocaína y anfetaminas aparecieron a finales de la década de 1960 y principios de la de 1970. 12,[39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46] Desde entonces, se ha visto un aumento exponencial en el número de investigaciones centradas en este fenómeno, lo que concuerda con un marcado crecimiento mundial del abuso de estas sustancias. 1,3 Aún no existe un modelo in vivo de la NAH, pero ha habido estudios in vitro que han dado alguna información acerca de la fisiopatología de este síndrome.…”

AIDS (HIV)-Associated Nephropathy; Does It Exist?

“…According to the statistics compiled by the Health Care Finance Administration in 1984, the annual incidence of ESRD in nonwhites (consisting primarily of the American black population), was 217 per million, which is approximately 3 times higher than the 81 per million observed in whites [85], Epidemiologic studies have also provided data supporting the fact that hypertensive nephrosclerosis [86][87][88][89], diabetes mellitus [89][90][91][92], HAN [7,12,[22][23][24] and certain forms of interstitial nephritis [91], all lead to irreversible uremia in blacks at a higher rate than that in whites. Although these find ings have been consistently noted over many years of data collection [85], the factors responsible for this remarkable predisposition of the black race to ESRD yet remains unexplained.…”