Hermaphroditism in two dogs - pathological and cytogenetic studies: a case report

Abstract

A Pit-bull and a Beagle, both one-year-old, with complaints of an enlarged clitoris were clinically suspected for hermaphroditism. The enlarged clitoris, the uteri and the gonads were removed surgically from each animal and submitted to our department for histopathological evaluation. Tissue samples were fixed with 10% buffered formalin solution and processed routinely, after which paraffin sections were obtained and stained with H&E. A blood sample was taken from the Beagle dog and a peripheral lymphocyte culture was prepared. While the clitoris and uteri were confirmed histopathologically, the gonads were detected as a testis instead of an ovary for both dogs. Additionally, cytogenetic evaluation revealed a normal female chromosome complement, 78, XX for the Beagle dog. According to the gonadal and phenotypic sexes, both cases were first determined as ‘male pseudohermaphroditism’, a phenotypic sex disorder. However, after karyotyping analysis, we concluded that the 78, XX Beagle dog should be defined as suffering from XX sex reversal syndrome, a gonadal sex disorder.  

Penile hypoplasia and rudimentary prepuce in a dog (78,XY; SRY-positive): a case report

“…Penile hypoplasia is usually one of the symptoms of testicular DSD. An abnormal karyotype was detected in some dogs with penile hypoplasia; therefore, cytogenetic analysis should be performed in similar cases (Gobello et al 2003;Gurel et al 2014). In the presented case, the chromosomal and gonadal sex coincided, and no female traits were detected.…”

Pseudo-hermafrodita masculino em cão da raça Bulldog francês: Relato de caso

“…Contudo, estudos radiográficos foram conduzidos e revelaram a presença de osso peniano nos três animais mencionados. Apesar de a literatura preconizar a solicitação desse (Gurel et al, 2014), no presente relato, o animal não foi submetido ao exame radiográfico para confirmação da existência do osso peniano, pois foi possível identificá-lo sem a necessidade do exame.…”

A Clinical Case of an <b><i>SRY</i></b>-Positive Intersex/Hermaphrodite Holstein Cattle

“…Intersexuality (hermaphroditism) is a DSD resulting from pathological features present in the affected subject. These pathological aspects are chimerism, mosaicism, sex reversal syndrome, and male and female pseudohermaphroditism [Gurel et al, 2014]. The criteria for the diagnosis should consider the subject morphology, the phenotypic appearance of the genital tract, the anatomopathological findings, cytological karyotyping, and DNA analysis.…”

“…The true genetic sex of an animal can be determined, and when it is found not to correlate with the phenotypic sex, then an intersex condition is present [Cole et al, 1997]. Individuals with gonadal sex disorders have either an XX or XY sex chromosome constitution [Gurel et al, 2014]. Extreme examples are XX males where testicular tissue develops in a female genetic background, or XY females where, despite the presence of the SRY gene, the gonads fail to develop as testes.…”