“…In view of later developments in this domain, of particular interest are the theories of Hermann Weyl from 1919, who introduced the concept of an (electromagnetic) gauge field in a classical field theory [7] and, two years later, that of Theodor Kaluza, who extended General Relativity to five dimensions [8]. Continuing in this latter direction, Oscar Klein, in 1926, proposed that the fourth spatial dimension be curled up into a small, unobserved circle.…”