Hermann Staudinger und der Ursprung der Makromolekularen Chemie

Abstract

Staudingers Visionen haben den Weg bereitet für die Entwicklung moderner Kunststoffe mit vielseitigen Eigenschaften und Anwendungen an der Schnittstelle zwischen Material‐ und Biowissenschaften. Dies belegt dieses Essay, das aus Anlass des 50. Jahrestages der Nobelpreisverleihung an Hermann Staudinger daran erinnert, dass sein damals revolutionäres und heftig umstrittenes Konzept den Zugang zum molekularen Design von polymeren Werk‐ und Effektstoffen eröffnete, deren Eigenschaftsprofile über die molekularen Architekturen anwendungsspezifisch maßgeschneidert werden.

Controlling supramolecular polymerization through multicomponent self‐assembly

“…Nearly a century after Staudinger's proposal that polymeric substances are long chains of short repeating molecular units linked by covalent bonds found general acceptance, advances in the field of supramolecular chemistry have exploited weak non‐covalent interactions to link small molecular building blocks and produce macromolecules that are capable of exhibiting material properties in the bulk state . Generally, one defines the self‐assembly into supramolecular polymers, a process by which the interactions between monomers is generated by moderately strong, reversible noncovalent, but highly directional forces, that result in high molecular weight linear polymers under dilute conditions .…”

“…127 The expected depolymerization and shortening of the polymers based on the comonomer feed ratio was only observed when the di-and monofunctional comonomers were premixed in a good FIGURE 3 (a) Chemical structures for the bi-and monofunctional phosphine ligands, P(Phe) 2 C 12 (Phe) 2 P and P(Phe) 2 C 12 , in order to prepare palladium(II)-based coordination polymers. (b) SEC traces of Pd(II)-coordination polymer using P(Phe) 2 C 12 (Phe) 2 P, prepared in the presence of monofunctional P(Phe) 2 solvent preventing self-assembly, followed by solvent evaporation and re-assembly in a non-solvent. More recently Kobuke and coworkers reported the use of a (N-methyl)imidazolyl Mn(III)-porphyrine as chain stopper.…”

Second Generation Self‐Assembling Dendrimer Combining Supramolecular and Dynamic Covalent Chemistry

“…A century ago, the chemical community started to understand macromolecules [1,2] and many classes of polymeric compounds have been found or made. Nature provides macromolecules as well as chemical synthesis does.…”