Heritable hazards of smoking: Applying the “clean sheet” framework to further science and policy

Bline, Abigail; Dearfield, Kerry L.; DeMarini, David M.; Marchetti, Francesco; Yauk, Carole L.; Escher, Jill

doi:10.1002/em.22412

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The same study reinforced by Azmiyardi (2020) also found there was an effect of smoking A study from Bline et al (2020) shows that tobacco smoke exposure has inheritable effects on germ cells, with negative health implications for the resulting offspring. Given the historical prevalence of tobacco smoking, it is also a substance with a legacy of exposure that is carried among us today and will continue to be passed along to the next generations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Coping strategy and substance use disorders: The mediating role of drug hazard knowledge

Ismail¹,

Damayanti²,

Nurpahmi³

et al. 2021

Psikohumaniora J. Penelit. Psikol.

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Substance Use Disorder (SUD) is a social phenomenon that has plagued communities, including adolescents. Coping strategy and drug hazard knowledge are seen as important factors in curbing drug use amongst young people. This study aims to identify the indirect influence of coping strategy through drug hazard knowledge as a mediator in substance use disorders. The research employed a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design, with a sample of 381 adolescents, 313 males and 68 females, selected using a simple random sampling technique. The research instruments comprised the Drugs Abuse Screening Test-28, a coping scale, and drug hazard knowledge scale. AMOS 20.0 for Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used for the analysis. The results show no significant indirect influence of coping strategy through drug hazard knowledge as a mediator in substance use disorder among adolescents. This indicates that drug hazard knowledge has no significant influence on substance use disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Coping strategy and substance use disorders: The mediating role of drug hazard knowledge

Ismail¹,

Damayanti²,

Nurpahmi³

et al. 2021

Psikohumaniora J. Penelit. Psikol.

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“…Furthermore, SCSA has been suggested to be a suitable method to study DNA fragmentation due to chemical exposure 35 that is mutagenic to male germ cells 36 . This suggestion is supported by studies reporting that mutagenic exposure increases sperm DNA fragmentation according to both SCSA and the TUNEL assay, 37 similar to the increase seen by SCSA after tobacco smoke exposure, 38 which as mentioned has also been suggested to be mutagenic to human germ cells, 39–41 and reported to give rise to mutations in both sperm 42 and spermatogonial stem cells 43 of mice. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to investigate whether urinary levels of 1‐OHP, 2‐OHPH and cotinine, as biomarkers of exposure to PAH and nicotine, were associated with sperm DNA fragmentation in Swedish men from the general population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nicotine, and associations with sperm DNA fragmentation

2022

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Background: Tobacco smoking has been reported to cause DNA fragmentation and has been suggested to cause mutations in spermatozoa. These effects have been ascribed to the action of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) present in the smoke. Simultaneously, DNA fragmentation has been associated with mutagenesis. Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate whether levels of urinary biomarkers of PAH and nicotine exposure were associated with sperm DNA fragmentation. Methods:In the urine of 381 men recruited from two cohorts of young men (17-21 years old) from the general Swedish population, the PAH metabolites 1-hydroxypyrene and 2-hydroxyphenanthrene, as well as the nicotine metabolite cotinine, were measured. The sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) was analysed using the sperm chromatin structure assay. Associations between the DFI, and PAH metabolite levels as continuous variables as well as in quartiles, were studied by general linear models adjusted for abstinence time. A similar analysis was carried out for cotinine levels, according to which the men were categorised as "non-smoking" (n = 216) and "smoking" (n = 165). Results:No association was found between levels of any of the three biomarkers and DFI, either as a continuous variable (p = 0.87-0.99), or when comparing the lowest and the highest quartiles (p = 0.11-0.61). The same was true for comparison of men categorised as non-smoking or smoking (DFI 11.1% vs. 11.8%, p = 0.31).Discussion: We found no evidence of PAH or nicotine exposure to be associated with DFI, which does not exclude that these exposures may have other effects on sperm DNA. Conclusion:In these young men, levels of biomarkers of nicotine and PAH exposure were not associated with DFI.

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“…10 However, aside from ageing, the existence of human germ cell mutagens has yet to be convincingly demonstrated. 11 Nonetheless, recent studies applying whole genome sequencing to human families provide intriguing support that certain pharmaceuticals and lifestyle factors cause DNMs in offspring via paternal germ cells. 10,12,13…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency and spectrum of mutations in human sperm measured using duplex sequencing correlate with trio-basedde novomutation analyses

Axelsson,

LeBlanc,

Shojaeisaadi

et al. 2024

Preprint

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De novo mutations (DNMs) are drivers of genetic disorders. However, the study of DNMs is hampered by technological limitations preventing accurate quantification of ultra-rare mutations. Duplex Sequencing (DS) theoretically has < 1 error/billion base-pairs (bp). To determine the utility of DS to quantify and characterize DNMs, we analyzed DNA from blood and spermatozoa from six healthy, 18-year-old Swedish men using the TwinStrand DS mutagenesis panel (48 kb spanning 20 genic and intergenic loci). The mean single nucleotide variant mutation frequency (MF) was 1.2 x 10-7 per bp in blood and 2.5 x 10-8 per bp in sperm, with the most common base substitution being C>T. Blood MF and substitution spectrum were similar to those reported in blood cells with an orthogonal method. The sperm MF was in the same order of magnitude and had a strikingly similar spectrum to DNMs from publicly available whole genome sequencing data from human pedigrees (1.2 x 10-8 per bp). DS revealed much larger numbers of insertions and deletions in sperm over blood, driven by an abundance of putative extra-chromosomal circular DNAs. The study indicates the strong potential of DS to characterize human DNMs to inform factors that contribute to disease susceptibility and heritable genetic risks.

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Heritable hazards of smoking: Applying the “clean sheet” framework to further science and policy

Cited by 9 publications

References 53 publications

Coping strategy and substance use disorders: The mediating role of drug hazard knowledge

Coping strategy and substance use disorders: The mediating role of drug hazard knowledge

Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nicotine, and associations with sperm DNA fragmentation

Frequency and spectrum of mutations in human sperm measured using duplex sequencing correlate with trio-basedde novomutation analyses

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