Heritability of resting heart rate and association with mortality in middle-aged and elderly twins

Jensen, Magnus Thorsten; Wod, Mette; Galatius, Søren; Hjelmborg, Jacob; Jensen, Gorm; Christensen, Kaare

doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2016-310986

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…46 In the elderly population, elevated heart rate is also an independent risk factor for shortterm 47 and long-term mortality. 48 This phenomenon fits well with the Levine theory that subjects with higher heart rate are dying at an earlier age because of the depletion of their heart rate capital. 49 Elevated heart rate may reflect cardiovascular autonomic nervous dysfunction and decreased cardiopulmonary function.…”

Section: Associated Risk Factors Of Frailtysupporting

confidence: 83%

<p>Identification of Frailty and Its Risk Factors in Elderly Hospitalized Patients from Different Wards: A Cross-Sectional Study in China</p>

Liang¹,

Zhang²,

Liu³

et al. 2019

CIA

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Objectives: To survey the difference of frailty prevalence in elderly inpatients amongdifferent wards; to compare the diagnostic performance of five frailty measurements (Clinical Frailty Scale [CFS], FRAIL, Fried, Edmonton, Frailty Index [FI]) in identifying frailty; and to explore the risk factors of frailty in elderly inpatients. Participants and methods: This was a cross-sectional study including 1000 inpatients (mean age 75.2±6.7 years, 51.5% male; 542, 229, and 229 patients from cardiology, nonsurgical, and surgical wards, respectively) in a tertiary hospital from September 2018 to February 2019. We applied the combined index to integrate the five frailty measurements mentioned above as the gold standard of frailty diagnosis. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to determine the independent risk factors of frailty. Results: Frailty prevalence was 32.3% (Fried), 36.2% (CFS), 19.2% (FRAIL), 25.2% (Edmonton), 35.1% (FI) in all patients. The frailty was more common in non-surgical wards, regardless of the frailty assessment tools used (non-surgical wards: 27.5% to 51.5%; cardiology ward: 14.9% to 29.3%; surgical wards: 18.8% to 41.9%). CFS≥5 showed a sensitivity of 94.1% and a specificity of 85.2% for all patients. FI≥0.25 showed a sensitivity of 94.8% and a specificity of 87.0% for all patients. Age [odds ratio (OR) = 1.089, P<0.001], education level (OR = 0.782, P=0.001), heart rate (OR = 1.025, P<0.001), albumin (OR = 0.911, P=0.002), log D-dimer (OR = 2.940, P<0.001), ≥5 comorbidities (OR = 2.164, P=0.002), and ≥5 medications (OR = 2.819, P<0.001) were independently associated with frailty in all participants. Conclusion: Frailty is common among elderly inpatients, especially in non-surgical wards. CFS is a preferred screening tool and FI may be an optimal assessment tool. Old age, low educational level, fast heart rate, low albumin, high D-dimer, ≥5 comorbidities, and polypharmacy are independent risk factors of frailty in elderly hospitalized patients.

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Section: Associated Risk Factors Of Frailtysupporting

confidence: 83%

<p>Identification of Frailty and Its Risk Factors in Elderly Hospitalized Patients from Different Wards: A Cross-Sectional Study in China</p>

Liang¹,

Zhang²,

Liu³

et al. 2019

CIA

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“…Namely, several recent studies showed that RHR is a trait with a genetic influence in subjects free of cardiovascular disease. 12,13 Hoed et al 14 showed that difference in approximately 10 bpm in RHR could be explained with specific associations to gene loci.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart rate as a predictor of cardiovascular risk

Tadić

Cuspidi

Grassı

2018

Eur J Clin Investigation

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Background: Heart rate (HR) is a predictor of cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and all-cause mortality in the general population, as well as in patients with cardio-and cerebrovascular diseases. We aimed to summarize current knowledge regarding the influence of HR on cardio-and cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality. Materials and methods: PubMed, MEDLINE, Ovid and EMBASE databases were searched for large follow-up studies or meta-analysis published between January 1990 and September 2017 in the English language using the following keyword "heart rate," "resting heart rate," "mortality," "outcome," "hypertension," "heart failure," "ischaemic heart disease," "coronary heart disease" and "stroke." Results:The relationship between increased HR and cardio-and cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality has been reported in a large number of studies, and the results regarding this association are concurrent. This connection is generally stronger in men than in women. The increase in HR usually occurs in parallel with elevation of blood pressure and metabolic disturbances (insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia). However, even after adjustment for the most important cardiovascular risk factors, HR remained an independent predictor of adverse events in global population or in patients with cardio-and cerebrovascular diseases. Conclusion: HR has an important negative effect on cardio-and cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality. Future longitudinal investigations should clarify HR significance and optimal HR reduction for primary and secondary prevention in cardio-and cerebrovascular events.

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“…In the Systolic Heart failure treatment with the If inhibitor ivabradine (SHIFT) trial the addition of ivabradine to standard treatment in chronic cardiac failure with reduced ejection fraction led to a significant reduction in the primary endpoints of hospitalisations for treatment and death 7. Jensen et al 8 discuss whether we should define a high heart rate and then focus on lifestyle modifications to reduce cardiovascular risk factors. For example, a graded exercise programme can result in a reduction of RHR.…”

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confidence: 99%