Heritability of Hull Percentage in Oat

Abstract

Low hull percentage has long been recognized as a valuable measure of grain quality in oat, Avena sativa L.; however, reliable selection for low hull percentage has been impeded by a lack of understanding of its heritability. The objective of this study was to investigate the heritability of hull percentage in three oat crosses, involving the cultivars Cascade, Robert, and AC Marie, which have 30, 25, and 23% hull, respectively. Populations F2‐deriveF4 through F7 lines were grow in replicated or unreplicated trials at several locations in western Canada from 1992 to 1995. Heritability estimates were calculated based on hull percentage data determined by mechanically dehulling 2‐g kernel mixtures or samples of 50 primary kernels. Primary kernel hull percentage data, collected from replicated trials at multiple locations, were used to evaluate the effect of genotype × location interaction on phenotype. Broad‐sense heritability estimates by parent‐offspring regression ranged from 0.35 to 0.72 for hull percentage of 2‐g kernel mixtures, and 0.80 to 0.90 for hull percentage of 50 primary kernels. An evaluation of variance components showed highly significant genotype and location effects for primary kernel hull percentage. Genotype effects had a greater influence than location on primary kernel hull percentage, whereas the effect of genotype × location interaction was relatively less important. High broad‐sense heritability estimates for hull percentage support the use of early generation selection for reduced hull content in oat.

Impact dehulling oat grain to improve quality of on-farm produced feed : 1.Hullability and associated changes in nutritive value and energy content

“…Thus, conditions unfavourable for grain filling result in incompletely filled grains and tend to reduce the groat to hull ratio. Ronald et al (1999) indicated that groat weight correlated only modestly with proportion of hull and reported high broad-sense heritability estimates for hull percentage, which indicates the potential for selecting for reduced hull content.…”

“…Such changes are achieved by breeding for low hull content (Ronald et al 1999). The composition of the hull can also be modified by breeding, but Welch et al (1983) found that even though significant genetic differences in hull composition existed, the range was modest.…”

Pendugaan Parameter Genetik dan Seleksi Karakter Morfofisiologi Galur Jagung Introduksi di Lingkungan Tanah Masam

“…Pada penelitian ini, karakter yang memiliki koefisien keragaman tinggi (> 20%) adalah ASI, bobot kering tongkol, bobot kering biji, jumlah biji/tongkol, jumlah biji/baris, dan bobot tongkol/plot. Koefisien keragaman genetik yang besar menunjukkan bahwa manipulasi genetik yang dilakukan akan memiliki peluang yang besar, sedangkan koefisien keragaman genetik kecil akan memberi peluang keberhasilan yang sangat kecil bila sifat tersebut diperbaiki (Ronald et al 1999 yang tinggi dapat digunakan secara langsung sebagai karakter seleksi (Sudarmadji et al 2007). …”

Genetic Similarity Assessment among Selected Naked Oat Cultivars and Breeding Lines Using ISSR Markers

“…Unfortunately, problems with preharvest sprouting, threshability, rancidity, a wide range of kernel sizes as well as its relatively low tolerance to limited soil water content (Nita, 2003) are its main drawbacks (Forsberg and Reeves, 1992). Moreover, the husk plays a crucial role in protecting the groat from damage (Burrows, 1986) and pathogenic attack (Ronald et al, 1999). Nevertheless, dehusked conventional oat, does not achieve comparable economic result as naked one, as dehusking costs and disposition of the husk waste is considerably large (Kirkkari, 2008).…”

“…Moreover, husk decreases bulk density, reducing storage and transport efficiency (Burrows, 1986). Its percentage ranges from a minimum of 21% to a maximum of 41% (Ronald et al, 1999). Husks comprise mainly of cell wall (> 83%) with nearly equal quantities of cellulose and hemicellulose (30-35%) (Welch et al, 1983).…”