Heritability in Neuromuscular Coordination: Implications for Motor Control Strategies

Missitzi, J.; Geladas, Nickos D.; Klissouras, Vassilis

doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000113479.98631.c4

Cited by 36 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Analysis of heritability enabled to discover that body characteristics related to physical performance such as cardiovascular and respiratory variables, e.g., maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), running velocity at the anaerobic threshold (VAT), cross-sectional surface area of muscles, neuromuscular coordination, as well as cardiovascular and respiratory systems’ variables have strong genetic background (An et al, 2003; Missitzi et al, 2004; Stanula et al, 2014; Stunkard et al, 1990). Rapid development of molecular methods enabling the research of the structure and sequence of the human genome, and the usage of the model based on association analysis of candidate genes in sports has become feasible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the MTHFR A1298C Polymorphism Modulate the Cardiorespiratory Response to Training?

Zarębska

Jastrzębski

Sawczyn

et al. 2016

Journal of Human Kinetics

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The 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene (MTHFR) A1298C polymorphic variant is a candidate to explain the individual differences in trainability and response to exercise training. Therefore, the aim of the study was to verify whether the A1298C polymorphism influenced the aerobic and anaerobic performance as well as body and mass composition in young Polish women following low-high impact aerobic exercise training. Two hundred and one women aged 21 ± 1 years (range 19–24) were included in the study. All of them completed a 12-week exercise training program and were measured for selected somatic features, aerobic capacity and cardiorespiratory fitness indices as well as peak anaerobic power and anaerobic capacity, before and after the intervention. A mixed 2 x 2 ANOVA for 20 dependent variables grouped in three categories was conducted. No significant interaction of the genotype with training for body mass and body composition variables was observed. Although, there were three significant genotype x training interactions for maximal oxygen uptake variables, regardless of body mass i.e.: for VO2max (p < 0.05), HRmax (p < 0.0001) and HRAT/HRmax (p < 0.0001). Significantly greater improvement in VO2max was gained by the CC+AC group compared to the AA genotype group. The present results support the hypothesis that individual differences in trainability are at least in part determined by the genetic component and MTHFR A1298C seems to be one of the many polymorphisms involved.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the MTHFR A1298C Polymorphism Modulate the Cardiorespiratory Response to Training?

Zarębska

Jastrzębski

Sawczyn

et al. 2016

Journal of Human Kinetics

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“…Vitamin D seems to be involved on this type of activities. It is well documented that its levels are related with muscle strength [5], the proportion and the diameter of type II muscle fibers [16], and neuromuscular coordination [12], which are of paramount importance for explosive type human movements, such as sprints and jumps [17], [18], [19]. Moreover, the presence of vitamin D receptors (VDR) in the muscle cell appears to influence muscle strength.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D and Exercise Performance in Professional Soccer Players

et al. 2014

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AimThe current study had two aims. The primary purpose was to examine the association between serum vitamin D levels and the ergometric evaluation of muscle strength, aerobic capacity, and speed in professional soccer players. The secondary aim was to evaluate the effects of the soccer off-season period on serum vitamin D levels.MethodsSixty-seven Caucasian male soccer players (age 25.6±6.2 and height 1.81±0.08 m), members of two Greek Superleague Soccer teams and one Football-league championship team participated in this study. Exercise performance testing for the determination of squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), 10 (10 m) and 20 meters (20 m) sprint performance, maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), anthropometry, and blood sampling were performed before (pre) and after (post) the six-week off-season period.ResultsAnalysis of our results showed the following: (a) a significant correlations between serum vitamin D levels and performance parameters in both pre (SJ; P<0.001, CMJ; P<0.001, VO2max; P<0.001, 10 m; P<0.001, and 20 m; P<0.001) and post (SJ; P<0.001, CMJ; P<0.001, VO2max; P = 0.006, 10 m; P<0.001, and 20 m; P<0.001) experimental sessions. (b) Vitamin D concentration increased significantly (P<0.001) following the six-week off-season period compared to baseline, while at the same time all measured performance parameters decreased (SJ; P<0.001, CMJ; P<0.001, 10 m; P<0.001, 20 m; P<0.001, VO2max; P<0.001).DiscussionOur findings suggest that vitamin D levels are associated with the ergometric evaluation of muscle strength, as expressed by SJ and CMJ, sprinting capacity, and VO2max in professional soccer players, irrespective the levels of performance. Furthermore, our data reaffirm the importance of UVB on serum vitamin D levels. Moreover, reductions in exercise training stress may also have beneficial effects on vitamin D levels, suggesting a possible association of its levels and the training-induced stress. Our results indicate a possibly bidirectional interaction between soccer performance indices and vitamin D levels.

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“…Therefore, in this study along with afferent information, centrally generated motor command signals, which have been found to have a genetic basis (Missitzi et al. ), is likely to play a major role. Hence, any part of the system concerned with the generation of the force production task, collection or processing of afferent information or the generation of efferent signals may be genetically influenced.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…A comparison of intrapair differences between MZ and DZ twins in neuromuscular coordination of fast movements, expressed either as movement accuracy or movement economy, demonstrated that heredity accounts for the major part (87%) of existing differences (Missitzi et al. ). The heritability estimate of motor control found in this study (0.68) was lower than that found previously relating to neuromuscular coordination measures, an observation that may be explained by the fact that different tasks challenge multiple sensory and motor capacities differently and are each subject to different heritability (J. Missitzi, A. Misitzi, N. Geladas, J. Classen, and V. Klissouras, unpubl.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An attempt was made, however, to examine neuromuscular coordination by kinematic and electromyographic recordings during a simple, single joint movement in one degree of freedom. A comparison of intrapair differences between MZ and DZ twins in neuromuscular coordination of fast movements, expressed either as movement accuracy or movement economy, demonstrated that heredity accounts for the major part (87%) of existing differences (Missitzi et al 2004…”

Section: Motor Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heritability of motor control and motor learning

et al. 2013

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The aim of this study was to elucidate the relative contribution of genes and environment on individual differences in motor control and acquisition of a force control task, in view of recent association studies showing that several candidate polymorphisms may have an effect on them. Forty‐four healthy female twins performed brisk isometric abductions with their right thumb. Force was recorded by a transducer and fed back to the subject on a computer screen. The task was to place the tracing of the peak force in a force window defined between 30% and 40% of the subject's maximum force, as determined beforehand. The initial level of proficiency was defined as the number of attempts reaching the force window criterion within the first 100 trials. The difference between the number of successful trials within the last and the first 100 trials was taken as a measure of motor learning. For motor control, defined by the initial level of proficiency, the intrapair differences in monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins were 6.8 ± 7.8 and 13.8 ± 8.4, and the intrapair correlations 0.77 and 0.39, respectively. Heritability was estimated at 0.68. Likewise for motor learning intrapair differences in the increment of the number of successful trials in MZ and DZ twins were 5.4 ± 5.2 and 12.8 ± 7, and the intrapair correlations 0.58 and 0.19. Heritability reached 0.70. The present findings suggest that heredity accounts for a major part of existing differences in motor control and motor learning, but uncertainty remains which gene polymorphisms may be responsible.

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Heritability in Neuromuscular Coordination: Implications for Motor Control Strategies

Abstract: In this study, heredity accounted for most of the existing differences in neuromuscular coordination in fast movements. This implies that movement strategies, which are organized in the CNS and control fast movements, are also strongly genetically dependent.

Cited by 36 publications

References 18 publications

Does the MTHFR A1298C Polymorphism Modulate the Cardiorespiratory Response to Training?

Does the MTHFR A1298C Polymorphism Modulate the Cardiorespiratory Response to Training?

Vitamin D and Exercise Performance in Professional Soccer Players

Heritability of motor control and motor learning

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