Abstract:) that were significantly associated with ICAC volume. Rs1537372 replicated in an independent sample of 716 stroke patients (P combined =1.38×10 −10 ). Conclusions-ICAC volume is a heritable trait, which is partly explained by common genetic variation. We identified specific genetic variants associated with ICAC, which given the importance of ICAC in stroke risk, needs replication in larger-scale studies to further elucidate its genetic basis.
“…Furthermore, none of them included both members of a pair. However, a previous study found 36% heritability of aortic arch calcification detected on nonenhanced CT scans [ 29 ]. This could have been due to the several differences between our study concepts such as the different imaging modalities.…”
Background and Objectives: Aortic arch calcification (AoAC) is associated with a variety of cardiovascular complications. The measurement and grading of AoAC using posteroanterior (PA) chest X-rays are well established. The cardiothoracic ratio (CTR) can be simultaneously measured with PA chest X-rays and used as an index of cardiomegaly. The genetic and environmental contributions to the degree of the AoAC and CTR are not well understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of genetics and environmental factors on the AoAC and CTR. Materials and Methods: A total of 684 twins from the South Korean twin registry (261 monozygotic, MZ and 81 dizygotic, DZ pairs; mean age 38.6 ± 7.9 years, male/female = 264/420) underwent PA chest X-rays. Cardiovascular risk factors and anthropometric data were also collected. The AoAC and CTR were measured and graded using a standardized method. A structural equation method was used to calculate the proportion of variance explained by genetic and environmental factors behind AoAC and CTR. Results: The within-pair differences were low regarding the grade of AoAC, with only a few twin pairs showing large intra-pair differences. We found that the thoracic width showed high heritability (0.67, 95% CI: 0.59–0.73, p = 1). Moderate heritability was detected regarding cardiac width (0.54, 95% CI: 0.45–0.62, p = 0.572) and CTR (0.54, 95% CI: 0.44–0.62, p = 0.701). Conclusions: The heritable component was significant regarding thoracic width, cardiac width, and the CTR.
“…Furthermore, none of them included both members of a pair. However, a previous study found 36% heritability of aortic arch calcification detected on nonenhanced CT scans [ 29 ]. This could have been due to the several differences between our study concepts such as the different imaging modalities.…”
Background and Objectives: Aortic arch calcification (AoAC) is associated with a variety of cardiovascular complications. The measurement and grading of AoAC using posteroanterior (PA) chest X-rays are well established. The cardiothoracic ratio (CTR) can be simultaneously measured with PA chest X-rays and used as an index of cardiomegaly. The genetic and environmental contributions to the degree of the AoAC and CTR are not well understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of genetics and environmental factors on the AoAC and CTR. Materials and Methods: A total of 684 twins from the South Korean twin registry (261 monozygotic, MZ and 81 dizygotic, DZ pairs; mean age 38.6 ± 7.9 years, male/female = 264/420) underwent PA chest X-rays. Cardiovascular risk factors and anthropometric data were also collected. The AoAC and CTR were measured and graded using a standardized method. A structural equation method was used to calculate the proportion of variance explained by genetic and environmental factors behind AoAC and CTR. Results: The within-pair differences were low regarding the grade of AoAC, with only a few twin pairs showing large intra-pair differences. We found that the thoracic width showed high heritability (0.67, 95% CI: 0.59–0.73, p = 1). Moderate heritability was detected regarding cardiac width (0.54, 95% CI: 0.45–0.62, p = 0.572) and CTR (0.54, 95% CI: 0.44–0.62, p = 0.701). Conclusions: The heritable component was significant regarding thoracic width, cardiac width, and the CTR.
“…candidate genes of inflammation, oxidative stress, growth factors, renin-angiotensin aldosterone system, and so-forth) has so far been demonstrated in several reports to affect the development of atherosclerosis [2]. Genetic variability in the candidate genes implicated in atherosclerosis may alter their transcriptional activity and contribute to susceptibility to cardiovascular disease [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. In the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis genetic, environmental, and epigenetic factors are involved [4][5].…”
Section: Editorialmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Genetic and epigenetic factors may be studied with two main approaches, candidate gene approach and genome wide association study (GWAS) approach [4][5][6][7][8][9]11]. Candidate gene approach is hypothesis-driven approach, whereas in GWAS approach appropriate subset of patients (i.e.…”
Section: Editorialmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Candidate gene approach is hypothesis-driven approach, whereas in GWAS approach appropriate subset of patients (i.e. patients with coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, T2DM, bronchial asthma, Crohn disease and so forth) are genetically analyzed and distribution of genotypes/alleles compared with appropriate control subjects [4][5][6][7][8].…”
Section: Editorialmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…So far, several studies using either candidate gene approach or GWAS approach have been reported several genetic markers for either CIMT or subclinical carotid atherosclerosis, however most reports studied patients in general population, and only few enrolled subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) [4][5][6][7][8][9]11]. It should be emphasized, however, that whatever approach (candidate gene or GWAS approach) may be used, crucial is well-designed and appropriately selected study group.…”
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