HERITABILITY AND GENE EFFECTS FOR DISEASE RESISTANCE, YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS IN THREE FABA BEAN CROSSES (Vicia faba L.).

Abstract

The genetic parameters controlling the expression of foliage disease resistance, seed yield and its components of faba bean have been studied using the generation mean analysis, during 2012/13, 2013/14 and 2014/15 seasons at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt. The six population parameters P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1 and BC1 of three faba bean crosses (Giza 3 x Rena Mora , Sakha 1 x Ohshima-Zairai and Sakha 2 x Rena Mora) were used in this study. The obtained results indicated that both additive and dominance types of gene effects were involved in the inheritance of No. of seeds/plant, seed yield/plant, No. of seed/pod, 100-seed weight and reaction to chocolate spot and rust diseases in the three crosses, moreover, additive x additive gene effects were relatively more important than additive effects in the inheritance of these traits but less important than dominance ones. Significant and negative mid parental heterosis was detected for days to flowering in the second cross, days to maturity in the first and second cross and reaction to chocolate spot and rust diseases in the three crosses as a result of partial dominance towards lower parent but the better parental heterosis did not exceed or reach the performance of the better parent for these traits. Significant negative values of breeding depression were obtained for these traits indicating that the depression were occurred due to inbreeding. Highly significant positive heterosis over both mid and better parent were detected for No. of branches/plant in the second and third cross, No. of pods/plant in the first and second cross, No. of seeds/plant in the first cross and seed yield /plant in the first and third cross, however, dominance especially over-dominance as the potence ratio seems to be more contributing than epistasis in the expression of this valuable heterosis. The inbreeding depression estimates were positive and significant and/or highly significant for No. of branches/plant and No. of seeds/plant in the second and third cross, No. of seeds/plant and seed yield/plant in the second cross and chocolate spot and rust diseases reaction in the first cross, while it was negative and significant for chocolate spot and rust diseases reaction in the second and third cross. High genetic gain upon selection was found to be associated with high narrow sense heritability values and high estimates of GCV% and PCV% for No. of branches/plant, No. of pods/plant and No. of seeds/pod in the three crosses, indicating the effectiveness of selection for these traits.

Estimation of some genetic parameters using six populations mean analysis in three faba bean crosses exposed to natural infection of foliar diseases

“…Scaling tests were significantly different from zero for most cases, where the significance is absence for most scales indicating that the additive-dominance model is adequate to interpret the gene effects. These results are similar trend to those reported by, Moussa (2010), Zaazaa et al, (2012), Abo Mostafa et al, (2014), Ibrahim et al, (2015), Abou-Zaid (2018) and Abou Zied and El-Gendy (2019)..…”

“…This situation complicates using epistatic gene effects in breeding programs. Similar trend of findings were pointed out by Ashrei et al, (2013), El-Refaey and Abd El-Razek (2013), Abo Mostafa et al, (2014) and Ibrahim et al, (2015) who reported that' selection in early segregating generations can be advisable to improve the traits governed by additive gene effects but dominance would be effective in the late ones.…”

“…Absence of significant heterosis in some cases could be due to the internal cancellation of heterosis components. These results are in the same time as those obtained by Ashreiet al (2013), El-Refaey and Abd El-Razek (2013), Abo Mostafa et al, (2014) and Ibrahim et al, (2015), Abou-Zaid (2018) and Abdalla et al, (2021). The feasibility of growing hybrid cultivars depends on the significant superiority in yield as well as best performance of hybrids compared to the current commercial cultivars (Mahrous 1998).…”

“…Genetic variances were detected for all traits in the three crosses and-therefore: -a suitable amount of genetic diversity valid for further assessments. Genetic parameters were detected as reported by (Abo Mostafa et al, (2014), Ibrahim et al, (2015), Abou-Zaid (2018), Abou Zied and El-Gendy (2019) and Heiba et al, (2022). Selection could be effective in the improvement of the studied traits.…”

“…The parental differences with response to their genetic background were found to be significant in most traits under investigation. The F2 populations had also significant differences for all studied traits in the three studied crosses (Attia et al, (2006), Abo Mostafa et al, (2014) and Ibrahim et al, (2015).…”