Heredity, Molecular Genetics and Colorectal Cancer: A Review

Abstract

It is estimated that the hereditary polyposis and non-polyposis colorectal cancer (CRC) syndromes, which have an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance, represent less than 10% of the total CRC burden. Thus, more than 90% of all cases of CRC have previously been considered to arise 'sporadically', with no identifiable genetic link. However, recent clinical evidence now suggests that a significant proportion of CRC seen in the general population may involve an inherited genetic susceptibility. Therefore, constructing an accurate family tree on all patients with a family history of CRC is an essential part of identifying families with an increased risk for CRC who could then be offered screening. Also. molecular genetic study of colorectal adenomas and carcinomas has led to a proposed genetic model of colorectal tumorigenesis which involves interactions between oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes. This information has important potential implications for screening, determining prognosis and for providing multiple targets for altering the sequence of malignant transformation.

The Dysregulation of Polyamine Metabolism in Colorectal Cancer Is Associated with Overexpression of c‐Myc and C/EBPβ rather than Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis Infection

“…Certain factors increase a risk of developing the disease. These are age [ 5 ], polyps of the colon [ 6 ], history of cancer, heredity [ 7 – 9 ], smoking [ 10 ], diet and microbiota [ 11 , 12 ], lack of physical activity [ 13 ], chronic inflammation (colitis and IBD) [ 14 , 15 ], viruses [ 16 , 17 ], and exogenous hormones [ 18 ]. The chronic inflammation caused by infection is one more risk factor for colorectal cancer [ 19 , 20 ].…”

Extraluminal Colonic Carcinoma Invading into Kidney: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

“…More than 90% of colon cancers arise sporadically via the adenoma-to-carcinoma sequence [2]. Hereditary polyposis and nonhereditary polyposis syndromes represent less than 10% of colon cancers [2]. The liver is the most common site of colon cancer metastases because the venous drainage from the colon enters the portal system.…”

Ο Ρόλος Της Κυτταρολογίας Υγρής Φάσης Στη Διερεύνηση Των Αλλοιώσεων Του Παχέος Εντέρου

“…(29) . Παρότι η πλειοψηφία των αδενοκαρκινωμάτων αναπτύσσεται επί νεοπλαστικών αδενωμάτων του παχέος, ένα μικρότερο ποσοστό ανήκει στα λεγόμενα κληρονομικά σύνδρομα καρκίνου του παχέος εντέρου (32,33,(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45) (Σχήμα 1).…”