Heredity and Variation in Modern Lights

Bateson, William

doi:10.1017/cbo9780511693953.007

Cited by 279 publications

(241 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

228

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This problem was recognized by Bateson [6], Dobzhansky [7], and Muller [8,9], who suggested instead that hybrid dysfunction could arise from negative interactions between alleles at two or more loci. In the Bateson–Dobzhansky–Muller (BDM) model, alleles that are adaptive or neutral in their own genetic background are incompatible with alleles at one or more loci on the alternative genetic background (Figure 1).…”

Section: Conceptual Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Regulation and Speciation

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Understanding the genetic architecture of speciation is a major goal in evolutionary biology. Hybrid dysfunction is thought to arise most commonly through negative interactions between alleles at two or more loci. Divergence between interacting regulatory elements that affect gene expression (i.e., regulatory divergence) may be a common route for these negative interactions to arise. We review here how regulatory divergence between species can result in hybrid dysfunction, including recent theoretical support for this model. We then discuss the empirical evidence for regulatory divergence between species and evaluate evidence for misregulation as a source of hybrid dysfunction. Finally, we review unresolved questions in gene regulation as it pertains to speciation and point to areas that could benefit from future research.

show abstract

Section: Conceptual Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Regulation and Speciation

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The geographical details of the divergence process are likely associated with different genetic mechanisms. In the case of sympatric speciation, differentiated regions fail to introgress among taxa presumably due to natural selection against migrant alleles because of local natural selection against those alleles due to ecological misfit, while secondary contact models are more likely to involve selection against alleles that are neutral in the native genomic background but incompatible with the alternative genomic background (i.e., Bateson–Dobzhansky–Muller incompatibilities; Bateson 1909; Dobzhansky 1937; Muller 1940). Of course, these genetic mechanisms need not be mutually exclusive among speciation models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reticulate Speciation and Barriers to Introgression in theAnopheles gambiaeSpecies Complex

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Speciation as a process remains a central focus of evolutionary biology, but our understanding of the genomic architecture and prevalence of speciation in the face of gene flow remains incomplete. The Anopheles gambiae species complex of malaria mosquitoes is a radiation of ecologically diverse taxa. This complex is well-suited for testing for evidence of a speciation continuum and genomic barriers to introgression because its members exhibit partially overlapping geographic distributions as well as varying levels of divergence and reproductive isolation. We sequenced 20 genomes from wild A. gambiae s.s., Anopheles coluzzii, Anopheles arabiensis, and compared these with 12 genomes from the “GOUNDRY” subgroup of A. gambiae s.l. Amidst a backdrop of strong reproductive isolation, we find strong evidence for a speciation continuum with introgression of autosomal chromosomal regions among species and subgroups. The X chromosome, however, is strongly differentiated among all taxa, pointing to a disproportionately large effect of X chromosome genes in driving speciation among anophelines. Strikingly, we find that autosomal introgression has occurred from contemporary hybridization between A. gambiae and A. arabiensis despite strong divergence (∼5× higher than autosomal divergence) and isolation on the X chromosome. In addition to the X, we find strong evidence that lowly recombining autosomal regions, especially pericentromeric regions, serve as barriers to introgression secondarily to the X. We show that speciation with gene flow results in genomic mosaicism of divergence and introgression. Such a reticulate gene pool connecting vector taxa across the speciation continuum has important implications for malaria control efforts.

show abstract

“…In the sexual population, this means those two individuals cannot mate; in the asexual community, it has no impact on dynamics for the obvious reason that there is no mating. In both cases, we imagine that a biologist observing these two individuals would be inclined to describe them as different species; in the sexual case, the same biologist would detect sufficient genetic incompatibilities that offspring would be inviable [49]–[53], [53,54]. Defining critical divergence for a pair of individuals, however, is not yet a species definition, because species boundaries are a property of entire populations [31], [53], [55].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Sex Speed Up Evolutionary Rate and Increase Biodiversity?

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Most empirical and theoretical studies have shown that sex increases the rate of evolution, although evidence of sex constraining genomic and epigenetic variation and slowing down evolution also exists. Faster rates with sex have been attributed to new gene combinations, removal of deleterious mutations, and adaptation to heterogeneous environments. Slower rates with sex have been attributed to removal of major genetic rearrangements, the cost of finding a mate, vulnerability to predation, and exposure to sexually transmitted diseases. Whether sex speeds or slows evolution, the connection between reproductive mode, the evolutionary rate, and species diversity remains largely unexplored. Here we present a spatially explicit model of ecological and evolutionary dynamics based on DNA sequence change to study the connection between mutation, speciation, and the resulting biodiversity in sexual and asexual populations. We show that faster speciation can decrease the abundance of newly formed species and thus decrease long-term biodiversity. In this way, sex can reduce diversity relative to asexual populations, because it leads to a higher rate of production of new species, but with lower abundances. Our results show that reproductive mode and the mechanisms underlying it can alter the link between mutation, evolutionary rate, speciation and biodiversity and we suggest that a high rate of evolution may not be required to yield high biodiversity.

show abstract

Heredity and Variation in Modern Lights

Cited by 279 publications

References 0 publications

Gene Regulation and Speciation

Gene Regulation and Speciation

Reticulate Speciation and Barriers to Introgression in theAnopheles gambiaeSpecies Complex

Does Sex Speed Up Evolutionary Rate and Increase Biodiversity?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About