Herbivory induced non-local responses of the clonal invader Carpobrotus edulis are not mediated by clonal integration

Rodríguez, Jonatan; Calbi, Mariasole; Roiloa, Sergio R.; González, Luís

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.264

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…In particular, it has been shown that the attack of T. pisana snails to basal ramets induced a non-local compensatory response in un-attacked apical ramets. However, this non-local response was not mediated by physiological integration, but probably due to signals released by root exudates (Rodríguez et al 2018).…”

Section: Vegetative Growthmentioning

confidence: 92%

Monographs of invasive plants in Europe:Carpobrotus

et al. 2018

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This report synthesizes all aspects of the taxonomy, distribution, history of introduction and spread, ecological constrains (including preferred climate, substratum and habitats), responses to biotic and abiotic factors, biology (including phenology, vegetative and reproductive biology), economic importance and human uses, ecological impacts, legislation and management of Carpobrotus N.E.Br. (Aizoaceae), a prominent invasive plant in Europe.Carpobrotus species are mat-forming trailing succulent perennial herbs native from South Africa, introduced in Europe for ornamental and soil stabilization purposes since the beginning of the seventeenth century, now widely naturalized on coastal habitats of southern and western Europe. C. acinaciformis and C. edulis are the main species recognized outside South Africa, together with their hybrids and potential hybrid swarms. Identification conflicts both in the native and invaded areas raise doubts on the taxonomy of these taxa, but hybridization processes may boost adaptive changes in the invaded range.The release of Carpobrotus in natural environments and protected areas is prohibited in several European countries, but this taxon is not included in the list of invasive species of Union concern. Carpobrotus is a pioneer of disturbed sites and coastal areas including cliffs and sand dune systems, due to its tolerance to stress factors such as salinity, drought and excess of light. Carpobrotus invasion ultimately affects patterns of native species diversity. Moreover, it has been recognized as a major driver of soil conditions shifts and soil geochemical processes disruptions, representing a serious threat for coastal habitats.Management plans for Carpobrotus must consider its high plasticity for morphological and ecophysiological traits, which may probably explain its tolerance to a wide range of ecological conditions. Its flexible mating systems, which represent an optimal strategy to facilitate local adaptation and habitat colonization, include ability to produce apomictic seeds, selfand cross-pollination, and an intense vegetative clonality. In addition, Carpobrotus produces a large seed bank with a moderate short-term persistence, and fruits are effectively dispersed by mammals. The most efficient control methods are physical removal and herbicide application on leaves, whereas integration of biological control with other conventional management methods are likely to be most effective. A long-term monitoring of control actions and restoration of soil conditions are needed to prevent recovering from clonal parts, seed bank or mammal faeces as well as potential new invasions by other opportunistic species. Taxonomy Names and classificationScientific name: Carpobrotus edulis (L.) N. E.Br., 1926 Basyonym: Mesembryanthemum edule L., 1759

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Section: Vegetative Growthmentioning

confidence: 92%

Monographs of invasive plants in Europe:Carpobrotus

et al. 2018

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“…Currently, a large number of studies have documented effects of physiological integration on performance of clonal plants both in heterogeneous and in homogeneous environments (Alpert, 1991; Hartnett & Bazzaz, 1983; de Kroon et al., 1996; Lu et al., 2020; Song et al., 2013; Stuefer et al., 1994; Wang, Muller‐Scharer, et al, 2017; Zhang et al., 2016). For instance, in heterogeneous environments, clonal integration has been reported to improve growth of ramets suffering from various environmental stresses, including shading (Alpert, 1999; Stuefer et al., 1994), drought (Alpert, 1990; van Kleunen & Stuefer, 1999; de Kroon et al., 1996), nutrient deficiency (Alpert, 1991; D'Hertefeldt et al., 2011), sand burial (Chen et al., 2010; Yu et al., 2004), wind erosion (Yu et al., 2008), herbivory (Liu et al., 2009; Rodríguez et al., 2018), trampling (Xu et al., 2012), heavy metal contamination (Gruntman et al., 2017; Roiloa & Retuerto, 2012), high salinity (Salzman & Parker, 1985; Zhang et al., 2015) and submergence (Luo et al., 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A meta‐analysis of effects of physiological integration in clonal plants under homogeneous vs. heterogeneous environments

Wang

et al. 2020

Functional Ecology

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Clonal plants play key roles in maintaining community productivity and stability in many ecosystems. Connected individuals (ramets) of clonal plants can translocate and share, for example, photosynthates, water and nutrients, and such physiological integration may affect performance of clonal plants both in heterogeneous and homogeneous environments. However, we still lack a general understanding of whether or how physiological integration in clonal plants differs across homogeneous versus heterogeneous environments. We compiled data from 198 peer‐reviewed scientific studies conducted in 19 countries with 108 clonal plant species from 35 families, and carried out a meta‐analysis of effects of physiological integration on 16 traits related to plant growth, morphology, physiology or allocation. Our analyses evaluated these relationships in (A) heterogeneous environments where at least one resource essential for plant growth (e.g. light, soil water and mineral nutrients) or non‐resource factor (e.g. grazing, trampling and burial) is spatially non‐uniformly distributed and (B) homogeneous environments where all these factors are spatially uniformly distributed. Physiological integration increased growth of whole clones in both homogeneous and heterogeneous environments due to its highly significant contribution to growth of recipient ramets. Integration did not affect growth of donor ramets in heterogeneous environments, but decreased it in homogeneous environments. Integration affected physiological traits of donor ramets in neither homogeneous nor heterogeneous environments. It did not affect any physiological traits of recipient ramets in homogeneous environments, but increased most of them in heterogeneous environments. For donor ramets, integration increased height by 53% and internode length by 37% in heterogeneous environments, but had no effect in homogeneous environments. For recipient ramets, integration increased height by 73% in homogeneous environments and by 115% in heterogeneous environments, and increased internode length by 35% only under heterogeneous environments. In heterogeneous environments, integration increased biomass allocation to roots of donor ramets under high water/nutrient conditions and decreased it under high light. Physiological integration plays a strong role in clonal plant physiology, morphology and growth, especially for recipient ramets in heterogeneous environments. Therefore, physiological integration may have contributed to the widespread of clonal plants in nature and their dominance in many ecosystems. It may also play important roles in invasion success of alien clonal plants and in maintaining functions and stability of ecosystems where clonal plants are abundant. A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.

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“…90%) of 15 N imported from donor ramets to produce leaves and stems in recipient ramets, which often function as foraging organs of plants (e.g., performing the photosynthetic activity and ramet expansion). In contrast, the roots of A. philoxeroides often function as the belowground storage organ, and here required a low investment of N. Such a large investment of N in aboveground organs might, to some degree, accelerate the recruitment of vegetative offspring of A. philoxeroides and enhance the tolerance to aboveground disturbance (e.g., foliar herbivory and clipping) (Wilson et al 2007;Rodríguez et al 2018). This may allow this invasive species to colonize a wide range of habitats (Pan et al 2006;Wu et al 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sharing of nitrogen between connected ramets of Alternanthera philoxeroides in homogeneous environments

Dong

Wang

Luo

2022

Preprint

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PurposeThe benefits of clonal integration have been widely documented in clonal species, but quantitative tests of the movement of resources between connected ramets (e.g., transport rate and partitioning pattern of nitrogen) are still scarce. MethodsWe conducted a control experiment with the clonal species Alternanthera philoxeroides, and used 15N isotope to quantify the transport rate of nitrogen (N) in two opposite directions (i.e., either from younger to older ramets or from older to younger ramets) within one clone, and the partitioning proportion of N in recipient ramets. Results The amount of 15N transported toward the apical part was markedly reduced at the higher external N level, whereas the amount of 15N transported toward the basal part was unrelated to the external N levels. The rate of 15N acropetal transport basically averaged 20.9%, and the rate of 15N basipetal transport generally ranged between 0.2% and 6.3%, both being negatively dependent of DPNC (i.e., the difference in plant N concentration [PNC] between apical and basal parts). The proportion of 15N in stems and in leaves averaged 74.7% and 18.1%, respectively; the proportion of root 15N in the apical part significantly decreased from 7.6 % to 0.4% when acropetal transport occurred. ConclusionThese results suggest that N sharing between connected ramets tended to be acropetal in A. philoxeroides and the partitioning pattern of N is organ-specific, which potentially contributes to the early development of young ramets, and also to the spread and abundance of A. philoxeroides in limited N conditions.

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Herbivory induced non-local responses of the clonal invader Carpobrotus edulis are not mediated by clonal integration

Cited by 22 publications

References 73 publications

Monographs of invasive plants in Europe:Carpobrotus

Monographs of invasive plants in Europe:Carpobrotus

A meta‐analysis of effects of physiological integration in clonal plants under homogeneous vs. heterogeneous environments

Sharing of nitrogen between connected ramets of Alternanthera philoxeroides in homogeneous environments

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