Herbicide Combinations for Preharvest Weed Desiccation in Early Maturing Soybean (Glycine max)

Abstract

Field experiments were conducted at three locations in Mississippi in 1995 and 1996 to evaluate labeled and alternative herbicides and herbicide combinations for weed desiccation prior to soybean harvest. Weeds evaluated included pitted morningglory, hemp sesbania, spotted spurge, common cocklebur, and sicklepod. Soybean yield and harvestable soybean losses were not affected by preharvest herbicide treatments, spray volume, or surfactant concentration. Soybean moisture was most consistently reduced by glufosinate compared to the untreated and other herbicides and herbicide combinations evaluated. Most desiccation treatments at Stoneville and Brooksville resulted in foreign material similar to the weed-free check. Glufosinate at 0.84, 1.1, and 1.4 kg ai/ha desiccated all weeds evaluated 90% or more with no differences among rates. The addition of 3.4 or 6.7 kg ai/ha sodium chlorate to 0.28 kg ai/ha paraquat, 1.1 and 2.2 kg ai/ha glyphosate, or 0.28 and 0.56 kg ai/ha oxyfluorfen increased desiccation of most weeds evaluated, with no difference between sodium chlorate rates. In some instances, reducing application volume from 281 to 94 L/ha improved pitted morningglory desiccation when 0.28 g/ha paraquat was applied alone. There were no differences between 0.25 and 0.50% (v/v) surfactant for most parameters evaluated.

Distribution of Glyphosate in Chicken Organs and its Reduction by Humic Acid Supplementation

“…Data on the real presence of glyphosate and its metabolite in feed from glyphosate sprayed crops are sparse. A now common practice of crop desiccation through herbicide administration shortly before the harvest assures an increased glyphosate residues in food sources as well (Baig et al, 2003;Ellis et al, 1998). Also, the maximum daily intake (MDI) of glyphosate depends on the ration composition and the percent of each component in the ration.…”

Effects of pre-harvest chemical application on rice desiccation and seed quality

“…The application of ethephon to plants releases ethylene that promotes the abscission of different plant organs such as leaves, flowers, and fruits (Hole and Hardwick, 1978). The use of these chemicals in pre-harvest desiccation has been investigated in crops such as soybean (Ratnayake and Shaw, 1992;Ellis et al, 1998), wheat (Clarke, 1981), rapeseed (Esfahani et al, 2012), and rice (Eastin, 1978;1980;Bond and Bollich, 2007). However, the effects of pre-harvest chemical applications on seed desiccation and quality have not been so thoroughly examined in hybrid indica and conventional japonica rice.…”

Produtividade, Qualidade Fisiológica E Resíduo Em Sementes De Trigo Em Função Da Dessecação Com Herbicidas

“…Neste contexto, uma forma de auxiliar a colheita de diversas culturas reduzindo a interferência de plantas daninhas no momento da colheita e podendo melhorar a qualidade do produto colhido tem sido a aplicação de herbicidas não seletivos (ALCANTARA;WEISY, 1988;JEFFERY et al, 1998). A utilização dessa prática acelera o processo de perda de água pelas plantas e, consequentemente das sementes, antecipando a colheita e diminuindo o período de exposição prolongada à condições adversas que ocasionam deterioração após a maturidade fisiológica (GRIFFIN et al, 2010).…”