Herbicidal potential onLolium rigidumof nineteen major essential oil components and their synergy

Phytotoxic and antimicrobial activity of volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds from the endophyteHypoxylon anthochroumstrain Blaci isolated fromBursera lancifolia(Burseraceae)

“…() and Vasilakoglou et al . (), where they found that eucalyptol is phytotoxic on Lolium rigidum , Artemisia vulgaris, Lepidium sativum and Digitaria sanguinalis in a gas phase bioassay. Consequently, the eucalyptol is one of the main organic compounds responsible for the biological activity shown by H. anthochroum Blaci VOCs.…”

“…Petri dishes were closed and sealed with four layers of Parafilm ® with the purpose to avoid vapour losses of the pure compounds, and incubated with shaking at 30 g on an orbital shaker (New Brunswick ™ Excella ® E25/E25R, Connecticut, Enfield, CT), under conditions of darkness at 28°C in order to volatilize and evenly distribute the gas phase of the compounds (Vasilakoglou et al . ). In order to determine IC 50 data for each test seeds, a minimum of four concentrations were evaluated for treatment.…”

“…The compounds evaluated, due to their chemical properties, volatilize quickly into the gas phase in the test conditions and assessing their phytotoxic activity in a similar manner to that caused by VOCs produced after 5 days of Nodulisporium strain Blaci growth. Petri dishes were closed and sealed with four layers of Parafilm â with the purpose to avoid vapour losses of the pure compounds, and incubated with shaking at 30 g on an orbital shaker (New Brunswick TM Excella â E25/E25R, Connecticut, Enfield, CT), under conditions of darkness at 28°C in order to volatilize and evenly distribute the gas phase of the compounds (Vasilakoglou et al 2013). In order to determine IC 50 data for each test seeds, a minimum of four concentrations were evaluated for treatment.…”

Control of Portulaca oleracea by boldo and lemon essential oils in different soils

“…In this sense the more activity of Tagetes minuta (limonene 66.3% and E-ocimenone 19.1%) than Schinus areira essential oils (␣-pinene 85.3 and limonene 2.8%) in the root growth of Zea mays can be attributed to the high content of the oxygenated monoterpene ocimenone (Scrivanti et al, 2003). More recently, the phytotoxic study of nineteen main compounds of essential oils against germination and root length of rigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaudin), showed than the oxygenated compounds carvacrol, carvone, thymol, trans-anethole and linalool were the most phytotoxic components completely inhibiting rigid ryegrass germination and root length at 160 nL/cm 3 or above while the monoterpene hydrocarbons myrcene, ␤-pinene, ␣-pinene, limonene, ocimene and p-cymene were slightly phytotoxic (Vasilakoglou et al, 2013). The results obtained with lemon essential oil with high content of the monoterpene hydrocarbons, limonene (59.28%) and ␤-pinene (12.96%) corroborated its low biological activity against P. oleracea seed germination in both soilless and soil culture.…”

Assessment of Allelopathic Potential of Fennel, Rue and Sage on Weed Species Hoary Cress (<i>Lepidium draba</i>)

“…Plant seeds contain wide range of chemical inhibitors, such as nonprotein amino acids, phenolics (Ketring, 1973;Friedman and Waller, 1983;Rashid et al, 2005) and essential oils (Olle and Bender, 2010) which may negatively affect seed germination. Essential oil components such as thymol, carvon, carvacrol and limonene showed high inhibition against weed seed germination even at low concentrations (Azirak and Karaman, 2008), while trans-anethole, linalool, fenchone, thujone and eugonol exert high to intermediate phytotoxic effect on rigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) (Vasilakoglou et al, 2013). Principal constituents of fennel seed volatile oil include anethole and fenchone (Galambosi, 1994) which may have contributed to inhibitory potential of fennel seeds.…”