Herbarium records do not predict rediscovery of presumed nationally extinct species

Chong, Kwek Yan; Lee, Serena M. L.; Gwee, Aik Teck; Leong, P.K.F.; Ahmad, Samsuri; Ang, Wei How Darryl; Lok, A. F. S. L.; Yeo, C. K.; Corlett, Richard T.; Tan, Hugh Tiang Wah

doi:10.1007/s10531-012-0319-x

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…, 61 were later "rediscovered", based on herbarium specimens collected after its publication. These 61 rediscoveries were compiled by Chong et al (2012). We recorded 21 of these 61 species in our plots (Table 3).…”

Section: Rediscoveriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there are relatively recent collections from Nee Soon (Nura et al NK 207, 26 Jan 1995;NK 227, 26 Feb 1995) that were previously overlooked because the species name for these specimens in the database utilised during the listing exercise was "Elaeocarpus stipularis". Hence this should be considered more as an error of the listing rather than a true rediscovery (see Chong et al, 2012). Like the more common Elaeocarpus petiolatus (Jack) Wall., the apical shoot tips are coated with resin; however, the underside of the dried leaf lamina is not visibly covered with scattered black dots, and the tertiary venation is densely transverse to the midrib, forming rows of neat cells.…”

Section: Uvaria Curtisii King (Annonaceae)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…& B.Bremer (= Morinda rigida Miq. ), and Willughbeia coriacea Wall., all of which were considered by Chong et al (2012) to be erroneously extinct listings. Alangium ridleyi was later reassessed formally by Wijedasa et al (2014) as Critically Endangered.…”

Section: Uvaria Curtisii King (Annonaceae)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Apocynaceae), was reported by Rodda & Ang (2012). Therefore, the Nee Soon catchment was already a known prime spot for new records and rediscoveries leading Chong et al (2012) and the authors of many of the references listed in Table 1 to call for more botanical exploration of the patch of freshwater swamp forest in this catchment. Turner et al (1996a) compiled a list of freshwater swamp vascular plant species in Singapore from three of the clusters of plots studied by Wong et al (1994) for trees, and Turner et al (1996b) for herbs, that were in the freshwater swamp forest areas of Nee Soon, and supplemented this with the species recorded by Corner (1978) at Mandai and Jurong, as well as with past herbarium specimens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rediscoveries, new records, and the floristic value of the Nee Soon freshwater swamp forest, Singapore

Chong¹,

Lim²,

Loh³

et al. 2018

GBS 70(Suppl.1) Nee Soon

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The unique plant communities of the freshwater swamp forests of southern Johor (Malaysia) and Singapore attracted the attention of E.J.H. Corner, but there have been no comprehensive follow-up studies to his seminal work. Meanwhile, freshwater swamp forests in the region have been mostly lost to logging and in-filling for plantations or urban development. The Nee Soon catchment contains the last substantial tract of this forest type in Singapore. We collated the rediscoveries of vascular plant species presumed Nationally Extinct in the 2 nd and latest edition of the Singapore Red Data Book, and new records for the Singapore vascular plant flora from the Nee Soon catchment, including those that we found and collected through the establishment and survey of 40 vegetation plots, each 20 × 20 m. We have identified 672 species from 117 families, of which 288 are trees from 60 families represented by at least one stem ≥ 5 cm DBH. The catchment is especially species rich and abundant in the Myristicaceae. In the last ten years, 53 rediscoveries, 11 new species records, and two new varietal records have been uncovered from (or can be found in) the Nee Soon catchment. The Nee Soon freshwater swamp forest is one of Singapore's most valuable botanical areas, and warrants sustained conservation effort and study.

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Section: Rediscoveriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Uvaria Curtisii King (Annonaceae)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Uvaria Curtisii King (Annonaceae)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Rediscoveries, new records, and the floristic value of the Nee Soon freshwater swamp forest, Singapore

Chong¹,

Lim²,

Loh³

et al. 2018

GBS 70(Suppl.1) Nee Soon

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“…In contrast, Bayesian methods give the probability that a species is extant, given the sighting data. There are several instances in which these two outputs have been confused in the existing literature (Burgman, Grimson & Ferson 1995;McCarthy 1998;McPherson & Myers 2009;Jaric & Ebenhard 2010;Chong et al 2012). It is important to remember that in classical, frequentist statistics, the species either is or is not extinct; there is no 'extinction probability'.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inferring species extinction: the use of sighting records

2015

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Summary1. Accurate measures of extinction are needed in biodiversity monitoring and conservation management, but ascertaining the exact time at which a species became extinct is difficult since a small population may go undetected for many years. 2. For little-studied species, often the only information available is historical sighting data. Several statistical tests have been developed which use this information to make inferences about a species' extinction. The increasing array of methods can present a daunting choice. 3. We review the more frequently cited methods, for each model explaining its assumptions, the data required, the scenarios it was developed for and power considerations, if known. We provide guidance on selecting the most appropriate method for a particular sighting record. 4. We give examples from the literature to show how the methods have been usefully applied across conservation research, informing conservation decision-making and extinction inference.

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A botanical oasis rather than a biological desert: Rediscoveries, new species and new records in a tropical city

Neo,

Chong,

Lindsay

et al. 2024

Plants People Planet

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Societal Impact StatementCities present a unique challenge for conservation. While overall native biodiversity is reduced, remnant habitats in the urban matrix can be important refugia for native and endemic species. This study reviews the rediscovery of 173 presumed nationally extinct plant taxa and discovery of 155 new native plant records, including 22 new to science and five endemics, in the botanically densely‐collected tropical city‐state of Singapore. The findings of this study indicate that plant rediscoveries and new discoveries are still possible in cities and urban areas with remaining fragments of original forest reserved for species protection, and investment in comprehensive botanical surveys and taxonomic research.Summary The conservation of native species‐dominated forest fragments and investment into botanical surveys and taxonomic research have enabled the rediscovery of presumed nationally extinct plant taxa and discovery of new native plant records in the tropical city‐state of Singapore. We compared national plant checklists of 2009, 2022, and the national Red Data Book (third edition in press) to enumerate rediscovered and newly discovered native vascular plant taxa in the last 14 years. We examined if these were from taxonomic specialist redetermination of only pre‐existing specimens or newly collected from field surveys, and if they were from particular sites and vegetation types, disproportionately represented by certain life forms and families, and predominantly threatened. We documented 173 rediscoveries and 155 new records after 2009, including 22 new to science and five endemics. Most rediscoveries were newly collected from field surveys, but most new records resulted from redetermination of pre‐existing specimens. Native species‐dominated forest fragments were the most important sites for the first collection of new records or first re‐collection of rediscoveries. Trees and climbers were well‐represented among the rediscoveries and new records. Epiphytes were significantly under‐represented compared to their proportion in the presumed nationally extinct flora. Most rediscoveries and new records are nationally Critically Endangered but regionally and globally not assessed. Our findings indicate hope for the persistence of rare native plant species and opportunities for conservation in cities.

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Herbarium records do not predict rediscovery of presumed nationally extinct species

Cited by 11 publications

References 32 publications

Rediscoveries, new records, and the floristic value of the Nee Soon freshwater swamp forest, Singapore

Rediscoveries, new records, and the floristic value of the Nee Soon freshwater swamp forest, Singapore

Inferring species extinction: the use of sighting records

A botanical oasis rather than a biological desert: Rediscoveries, new species and new records in a tropical city

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