Herbal stimulant containing ephedrine has also caused psychosis

Doyle, Harry; Kargin, Maral

doi:10.1136/bmj.313.7059.756b

Cited by 61 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Fisher [7,8] described two cases of visual hallucinations on eye closure attributed to atropine toxicity and lidocaine as the local anesthetic for minor surgery. In our patient, hydrocortisone, fentanyl, ephedrine, and midazolam, along with atropine and lidocaine could be candidate hallucinogens [9][10][11][12], although the doses were not excessive. Microembolic insult to the pulmonary circulation resulting in cerebral hypoxic damage and/or direct damage to the visual association cortex may cause visual hallucinations on eye closure [3].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Visual hallucinations on eye closure after orthopedic surgery under general anesthesia

Otomo

Sugita

Yano³

2008

J Anesth

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A 61-year-old woman suffering from rheumatoid arthritis without a contributory neurological, mental, or psychological history experienced visual hallucinations solely on eye closure after total hip arthroplasty under general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia. The visual hallucinations first appeared when she arose from sleep early on postoperative day 1, approximately 12 h after the end of surgery. Only on closing her eyes, she had a clear view of colored clothes, lace curtains, handbags, hats, and sofas, all of which were vivid, realistic, complex, of natural size, and in normal perspective without distortion and appeared independently and randomly in succession. The hallucinations disappeared when she opened her eyes even in the dark. The visual hallucinations gradually decreased as the days elapsed and they had entirely subsided on postoperative day 4. The level and content of her consciousness seemed entirely normal throughout her hospital course. Although postoperative visual hallucinations are not uncommon, they do not always show the closed-eye variation. The causes and underlying mechanisms of this type of visual hallucination remain to be elucidated.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Visual hallucinations on eye closure after orthopedic surgery under general anesthesia

Otomo

Sugita

Yano³

2008

J Anesth

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“…Adverse events have included psychosis, ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, seizures, acute myocardial infarction, myocarditis, and sudden death. [1][2][3][4][5][6] In June 1997, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) proposed restrictions on dietary supplements that contained ephedrine alkaloids 7 but withdrew this proposal in April of 2000 after the US General Accounting Office concluded that there was insufficient evidence to support the proposed restrictions. Today, in the wake of several highly publicized deaths possibly linked to thermogenic supplement use, the FDA is again being called on to enact stricter regulation of ephedrine and caffeine-containing supplements.…”

Section: Francisco Califmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacology of ephedra alkaloids and caffeine after single‐dose dietary supplement use

Haller

Jacob

Benowitz

2002

Clin Pharma and Therapeutics

103

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“…Other adverse effects of herbals include, but are not limited to, allergic reactions, liver function abnormalities, hypertension, and psychosis. [14][15][16][17] The 1997 survey 5 also indicated that 15 million adults had taken alternative agents concomitantly with prescription drugs. Indeed, there have been case reports of interactions between herbal products and conventional agents.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Patterns of Alternative Medication Use in a University Hospital Outpatient Clinic Serving Rheumatology and Geriatric Patients

Shane‐McWhorter

et al. 2000

Pharmacotherapy

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A random sample of 176 patients seen at least once during 1997 in a University hospital outpatient clinic serving rheumatology and geriatric patients were surveyed in a telephone interview to determine the prevalence of, and reasons for taking, alternative medications. Interviews were conducted from November 1997-March 1998. The survey elicited information about patients' ability to provide self-care, demographics, work status, satisfaction with current disease management, types of alternative medications taken, sources of information about the products, where they obtained the products, and reasons for taking the products. Patients also were questioned as to their knowledge of safety of these products. Statistical comparisons were determined between patients who used alternative agents and those who did not. Prevalence of use was 66%. Most patients thought that the agents were safe and took them because they believed they have "added benefits."

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Herbal stimulant containing ephedrine has also caused psychosis

Cited by 61 publications

References 4 publications

Visual hallucinations on eye closure after orthopedic surgery under general anesthesia

Visual hallucinations on eye closure after orthopedic surgery under general anesthesia

Pharmacology of ephedra alkaloids and caffeine after single‐dose dietary supplement use

Prevalence and Patterns of Alternative Medication Use in a University Hospital Outpatient Clinic Serving Rheumatology and Geriatric Patients

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