Herbal Anti-Hyperglycemic Compound Improves Glycemic Control and Insulin Sensitivity in Diabetic Rats

Abstract

Objective: To study the effect of HPLC purified herbal anti-hyperglycemic active compound (FIIc) isolated from the fruit pulp of Eugenia jambolana in diabetic rats. Methods: 24 male wistar rats were taken and diabetes was induced in group B, C and D rats (n = 6 each) by injecting Streptozotocin at a dose of 45 mg/kg of body weight 15 minutes after Nicotinamide at a dose 230 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally after overnight fasting. Active compound (FIIc) was given to group C and Pioglitazone to group D at dose of 20 mg/kg of body weight orally for 4 weeks respectively. Glycemic and lipid profile, protein tyrosine kinase activity and serum DPP-4 levels were measured and compared between all the 4 study groups. Results: Significant Improvement in body weight, glycemic profile, dyslipidemia and tyrosine kinase activity (4.90 ± 1.28 U/mg protein) were observed in FIIc treated rats at week 4 of the study compared to diabetic control rats. Serum DPP-4 levels (26.41 ± 0.43 pg/ml) were also found to be decreased in FIIc treated rats at week 4 of the study compared to diabetic control rats. This is possibly due to increased serum insulin levels and increased insulin sensitivity after treatment with active compound FIIc. Conclusion: FIIc significantly reduced hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia by inhibiting DPP-4 levels and improves insulin sensitivity by increasing protein tyrosine kinase activity and serum insulin levels.